容器IP实现静态化

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1、背景

由于在docker-compose编排容器的时候，Yii官方提供的docker-compose.yml文件并没有使用自定义网络，因此每次重启电脑或者重启容器组的时候，各个容器的IP都会发生变化，导致频繁修改配置文件，非常麻烦。

2、问题演示

以Mysql为例，每次重启容器组的时候，mysql容器IP是会发生变化的：

chenzhiwei:advanced$ docker inspect advanced_mysql_1 | grep IPAddress
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPAddress": "172.22.0.3",
chenzhiwei:advanced$ sudo docker-compose stop
Stopping advanced_backend_1  ... done
Stopping advanced_mysql_1    ... done
Stopping advanced_frontend_1 ... done
chenzhiwei:advanced$ sudo docker-compose start
Starting frontend ... done
Starting backend  ... done
Starting mysql    ... done
chenzhiwei:advanced$ docker inspect advanced_mysql_1 | grep IPAddress
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPAddress": "172.22.0.2",
chenzhiwei:advanced$ 

由上演示可知，容器组重新启动后，Mysql容器的IP由172.22.0.3变为了172.22.0.2，同理，frontend和backend容器的IP都会随机变化。

3、自定义网络配置

注意：在修改配置文件前，需要卸载当前的容器编排，否则docker-compose是无法按照修改后的网络删除已编排的容器网络配置的，这会导致当前ip段不可用。

卸载当前的容器编排命令如下：

sudo docker-compose down

加入静态IP配置的配置文件如下：

version: '3.2'

services:
  frontend:
    build: frontend
    ports:
      - 20080:80
    volumes:
      # Re-use local composer cache via host-volume
      - ~/.composer-docker/cache:/root/.composer/cache:delegated
      # Mount source-code for development
      - ./:/app
    networks:
      extnetwork:
        ipv4_address: 172.22.0.4

  backend:
    build: backend
    ports:
      - 21080:80
    volumes:
      # Re-use local composer cache via host-volume
      - ~/.composer-docker/cache:/root/.composer/cache:delegated
      # Mount source-code for development
      - ./:/app
    networks:
      extnetwork:
        ipv4_address: 172.22.0.3

  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=verysecret
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=yii2advanced
      - MYSQL_USER=yii2advanced
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=secret
    networks:
      extnetwork:
        ipv4_address: 172.22.0.2

networks:
  extnetwork:
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.22.0.0/16
          gateway: 172.22.0.1

重新编排命令如下：

chenzhiwei:advanced$ sudo docker-compose up -d
Creating network "advanced_extnetwork" with the default driver
Creating advanced_backend_1  ... done
Creating advanced_mysql_1    ... done
Creating advanced_frontend_1 ... done
chenzhiwei:advanced$ docker inspect advanced_mysql_1 | grep IPAddress
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPAddress": "172.22.0.2",
chenzhiwei:advanced$