62MeasureSpec介绍及使用详解

MeasureSpec的源码：

 /**
     * A MeasureSpec encapsulates the layout requirements passed from parent to child.
     * Each MeasureSpec represents a requirement for either the width or the height.
     * A MeasureSpec is comprised of a size and a mode. There are three possible
     * modes:
     * <dl>
     * <dt>UNSPECIFIED</dt>
     * <dd>
     * The parent has not imposed any constraint on the child. It can be whatever size
     * it wants.
     * </dd>
     *
     * <dt>EXACTLY</dt>
     * <dd>
     * The parent has determined an exact size for the child. The child is going to be
     * given those bounds regardless of how big it wants to be.
     * </dd>
     *
     * <dt>AT_MOST</dt>
     * <dd>
     * The child can be as large as it wants up to the specified size.
     * </dd>
     * </dl>
     *
     * MeasureSpecs are implemented as ints to reduce object allocation. This class
     * is provided to pack and unpack the <size, mode> tuple into the int.
     */
    public static class MeasureSpec {
        private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
        private static final int MODE_MASK  = 0x3 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has not imposed any constraint
         * on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.
         */
        public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has determined an exact size
         * for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless
         * of how big it wants to be.
         */
        public static final int EXACTLY     = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The child can be as large as it wants up
         * to the specified size.
         */
        public static final int AT_MOST     = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Creates a measure specification based on the supplied size and mode.
         *
         * The mode must always be one of the following:
         * <ul>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#UNSPECIFIED}</li>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#EXACTLY}</li>
         *  <li>{@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#AT_MOST}</li>
         * </ul>
         *
         * <p><strong>Note:</strong> On API level 17 and lower, makeMeasureSpec's
         * implementation was such that the order of arguments did not matter
         * and overflow in either value could impact the resulting MeasureSpec.
         * {@link android.widget.RelativeLayout} was affected by this bug.
         * Apps targeting API levels greater than 17 will get the fixed, more strict
         * behavior.</p>
         *
         * @param size the size of the measure specification
         * @param mode the mode of the measure specification
         * @return the measure specification based on size and mode
         */
        public static int makeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode) {
            if (sUseBrokenMakeMeasureSpec) {
                return size + mode;
            } else {
                return (size & ~MODE_MASK) | (mode & MODE_MASK);
            }
        }

        /**
         * Extracts the mode from the supplied measure specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the mode from
         * @return {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#UNSPECIFIED},
         *         {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#AT_MOST} or
         *         {@link android.view.View.MeasureSpec#EXACTLY}
         */
        public static int getMode(int measureSpec) {
            return (measureSpec & MODE_MASK);
        }

        /**
         * Extracts the size from the supplied measure specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to extract the size from
         * @return the size in pixels defined in the supplied measure specification
         */
        public static int getSize(int measureSpec) {
            return (measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK);
        }

        static int adjust(int measureSpec, int delta) {
            final int mode = getMode(measureSpec);
            if (mode == UNSPECIFIED) {
                // No need to adjust size for UNSPECIFIED mode.
                return makeMeasureSpec(0, UNSPECIFIED);
            }
            int size = getSize(measureSpec) + delta;
            if (size < 0) {
                Log.e(VIEW_LOG_TAG, "MeasureSpec.adjust: new size would be negative! (" + size +
                        ") spec: " + toString(measureSpec) + " delta: " + delta);
                size = 0;
            }
            return makeMeasureSpec(size, mode);
        }

        /**
         * Returns a String representation of the specified measure
         * specification.
         *
         * @param measureSpec the measure specification to convert to a String
         * @return a String with the following format: "MeasureSpec: MODE SIZE"
         */
        public static String toString(int measureSpec) {
            int mode = getMode(measureSpec);
            int size = getSize(measureSpec);

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("MeasureSpec: ");

            if (mode == UNSPECIFIED)
                sb.append("UNSPECIFIED ");
            else if (mode == EXACTLY)
                sb.append("EXACTLY ");
            else if (mode == AT_MOST)
                sb.append("AT_MOST ");
            else
                sb.append(mode).append(" ");

            sb.append(size);
            return sb.toString();
        }
    }

* MeasureSpec封装了父布局传递给子布局的布局要求，每个MeasureSpec代表了一组宽度和高度的要求  
 * MeasureSpec由size和mode组成。  
 * 三种Mode：  
 * 1.UNSPECIFIED  
 * 父没有对子施加任何约束，子可以是任意大小（也就是未指定）  
 * (UNSPECIFIED在源码中的处理和EXACTLY一样。当View的宽高值设置为0的时候或者没有设置宽高时，模式为UNSPECIFIED  
 * 2.EXACTLY  
 * 父决定子的确切大小，子被限定在给定的边界里，忽略本身想要的大小。  
 * (当设置width或height为match_parent时，模式为EXACTLY，因为子view会占据剩余容器的空间，所以它大小是确定的)  
 * 3.AT_MOST  
 * 子最大可以达到的指定大小  
 * (当设置为wrap_content时，模式为AT_MOST, 表示子view的大小最多是多少，这样子view会根据这个上限来设置自己的尺寸)  
 *   
 * MeasureSpecs使用了二进制去减少对象的分配。  
 */    
public class MeasureSpec {    
        // 进位大小为2的30次方(int的大小为32位，所以进位30位就是要使用int的最高位和倒数第二位也就是32和31位做标志位)    
        private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;    
            
        // 运算遮罩，0x3为16进制，10进制为3，二进制为11。3向左进位30，就是11 00000000000(11后跟30个0)    
        // (遮罩的作用是用1标注需要的值，0标注不要的值。因为1与任何数做与运算都得任何数，0与任何数做与运算都得0）    
        private static final int MODE_MASK  = 0x3 << MODE_SHIFT;    
    
        // 0向左进位30，就是00 00000000000(00后跟30个0)    
        public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;    
        // 1向左进位30，就是01 00000000000(01后跟30个0)    
        public static final int EXACTLY     = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;    
        // 2向左进位30，就是10 00000000000(10后跟30个0)    
        public static final int AT_MOST     = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;    
    
        /**  
         * 根据提供的size和mode得到一个详细的测量结果  
         */    
        // measureSpec = size + mode；   (注意：二进制的加法，不是10进制的加法！)    
        // 这里设计的目的就是使用一个32位的二进制数，32和31位代表了mode的值，后30位代表size的值    
        // 例如size=100(4)，mode=AT_MOST，则measureSpec=100+10000...00=10000..00100    
        public static int makeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode) {    
            return size + mode;    
        }    
    
        /**  
         * 通过详细测量结果获得mode  
         */    
        // mode = measureSpec & MODE_MASK;    
        // MODE_MASK = 11 00000000000(11后跟30个0)，原理是用MODE_MASK后30位的0替换掉measureSpec后30位中的1,再保留32和31位的mode值。    
        // 例如10 00..00100 & 11 00..00(11后跟30个0) = 10 00..00(AT_MOST)，这样就得到了mode的值    
        public static int getMode(int measureSpec) {    
            return (measureSpec & MODE_MASK);    
        }    
    
        /**  
         * 通过详细测量结果获得size  
         */    
        // size = measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK;    
        // 原理同上，不过这次是将MODE_MASK取反，也就是变成了00 111111(00后跟30个1)，将32,31替换成0也就是去掉mode，保留后30位的size    
        public static int getSize(int measureSpec) {    
            return (measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK);    
        }    
    
        /**  
         * 重写的toString方法，打印mode和size的信息，这里省略  
         */    
        public static String toString(int measureSpec) {    
            return null;    
        }    
}  </span>  

   一个MeasureSpec封装了父布局传递给子布局的布局要求，每个MeasureSpec代表了一组宽度和高度的要求。一个MeasureSpec由大小和模式组成。它有三种模式：UNSPECIFIED(未指定),父元素部队自元素施加任何束缚，子元素可以得到任意想要的大小；EXACTLY(完全)，父元素决定自元素的确切大小，子元素将被限定在给定的边界里而忽略它本身大小；AT_MOST(至多)，子元素至多达到指定大小的值。

 

　　它常用的三个函数：

　　1.static int getMode(int measureSpec):根据提供的测量值(格式)提取模式(上述三个模式之一)

　　2.static int getSize(int measureSpec):根据提供的测量值(格式)提取大小值(这个大小也就是我们通常所说的大小)

　　3.static int makeMeasureSpec(int size,int mode):根据提供的大小值和模式创建一个测量值(格式)