遍历循环
由保留字for和in组成,完整遍历所有元素后结束;每次循环,所获得元素放入循环变量,并执行一次语句块
计数循环(N次)
for i in range(5):
print("Hello",i);
#运行结果
#Hello 0
#Hello 1
#Hello 2
#Hello 3
#Hello 4
计数循环(特定次)
for i in range(1, 6, 2):
print("Hello",i);
#运行结果
#Hello 1
#Hello 3
#Hello 5
字符串的遍历循环
for i in "Python123":
print(i,end=",");
#运行结果
#P,y,t,h,o,n,1,2,3,
列表遍历循环
for item in [123, "PY", 456]:
print(item, end=",");
#运行结果
#123,PY,456,
文件遍历循环
fi = open("D:\Personal\Desktop\mtext.txt");
for line in fi:
print(line,end="");
#运行结果
#优美胜于丑陋
#明了胜于隐晦
#简洁胜于复杂
无限循环
由条件控制的循环运行方式,反复执行语句块,直到条件不满足时结束
a = 3;
while a>0:
a = a - 1;
print(a);
#运行结果:
# 2
# 1
# 0
a = 3;
while a>0:
a = a + 1;
print(a);
#运行结果:
# 4
# 5
# 6
# ···(按Ctrl+C退出)
循环控制保留字
break跳出并结束当前整个循环,执行循环后的语句,嵌套循环,break仅跳出最内层循环;
continue结束当次循环,继续执行后续次数循环;
break和continue可以与for和while循环搭配使用;
#break跳出并结束当前整个循环,执行循环后的语句;
for c in "python":
if c == "t":
break;
print(c, end="");
#运行结果
#py
#continue结束当次循环,继续执行后续次数循环;
for c in "python":
if c == "t":
continue;
print(c, end="");
#运行结果
#pyhon
s = "python"
while s != "":
for c in s:
print(c, end="");
s = s[:-1];
#运行结果
#pythonpythopythpytpyp
#break仅跳出当前最内层的循环
s = "python"
while s != "":
for c in s:
if c == "t":
break;
#print(c, end="");
s = s[:-1];
#运行结果
#pypypypypyp
循环的高级用法
循环与else
当循环没有被break语句退出时,执行else语句块;else语句块作为"正常"完成循环的奖励;这里else的用法与异常处理中else用法相似;
for c in "python":
if c == "t":
continue;
print(c, end="");
else:
print("正常退出");
#运行结果
#pyhon正常退出
for c in "python":
if c == "t":
break;
print(c, end="");
else:
print("正常退出");
#运行结果
#py