java语言程序设计 第十五章 （样例代码）

程序小白，希望和大家多交流，共同学习

1.时钟

//画一个详细的钟

import javafx.scene.layout.Pane; 
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Line;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

public class MoreClockPane extends Pane
{
    private int hour;
    private int minute;
    private int second;

    private double w = 250, h = 250;
    //默认为当前时间
    public MoreClockPane()
    {
        setCurrentTime();
        paintClock();
    }

    public void setCurrentTime()
    {
        Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
        this.hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        this.minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
        this.second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);

        paintClock();
    }

    public MoreClockPane(int hour, int minute, int second)
    {
        this.hour = hour;
        this.minute = minute;
        this.second =  second;
        paintClock();
    }

    public void setHour(int hour)
    {
        this.hour = hour;
        paintClock();
    }
    public int getHour()
    {
        return hour;
    }

    public void setMinute(int minute)
    {
        this.minute = minute;
        paintClock();
    }

    public int getMinute()
    {
        return minute;
    }

    public void setSecond(int second)
    {
        this.second = second;
        paintClock();
    }

    public int getSecond()
    {
        return second;
    }

    public void setW(double w)
    {
        this.w = w;
        paintClock();
    }

    public double getW()
    {
        return w;
    }

    public void setH(double h)
    {
        this.h = h;
        paintClock();
    }

    public double getH()
    {
        return h;
    }

    public void paintClock()
    {
        getChildren().clear();
        double centerX = w / 2.0;
        double centerY = h / 2.0;
        double radius = Math.min(w, h) * 0.4;
        Circle clock = new Circle(centerX, centerY, radius);
        clock.setFill(Color.WHITE);
        clock.setStroke(Color.BLACK);
        super.getChildren().add(clock);

        //画秒针刻度线
        double sDegree = 2 * Math.PI / 60;
        for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++)
        {
            if (i % 5 != 0)
            {
                double sxs = centerX + radius * Math.sin(sDegree * i) * 0.95;
                double sys = centerY - radius * Math.cos(sDegree * i) * 0.95;
                double sxe = centerX + radius * Math.sin(sDegree * i);
                double sye = centerY - radius * Math.cos(sDegree * i);
                Line line = new Line(sxs, sys, sxe, sye);
                super.getChildren().add(line);
            }
        }
        //画分针刻度线，标小时
        double mDegree = 2 * Math.PI / 12;
        for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++)
        {
            double mxs = centerX + radius * Math.sin(mDegree * i) * 0.90;
            double mys = centerY - radius * Math.cos(mDegree * i) * 0.90;
            double mxe = centerX + radius * Math.sin(mDegree * i);
            double mye = centerY - radius * Math.cos(mDegree * i);
            double txs = centerX + radius * Math.sin(mDegree * i) * 0.80;
            double tys = centerY - radius * Math.cos(mDegree * i) * 0.80  ;
            Line line = new Line(mxs, mys, mxe, mye);
            Text hText = new Text(txs - 5, tys, i + "");
            super.getChildren().addAll(line, hText);
        }

        //画指针
        double sL = radius * 0.8;
        double secondX = centerX + sL * Math.sin(second * 2 * Math.PI / 60);
        double secondY = centerY - sL * Math.cos(second * 2 * Math.PI / 60);
        Line secondLine = new Line(centerX, centerY, secondX, secondY);
        secondLine.setStroke(Color.RED);

        double mL = radius * 0.65;
        double minuteX = centerX + mL * Math.sin(minute * 2 * Math.PI / 60);
        double minuteY = centerY - mL * Math.cos(minute * 2 * Math.PI / 60);
        Line minuteLine = new Line(centerX, centerY, minuteX, minuteY);
        minuteLine.setStroke(Color.BLUE);

        double hL = radius * 0.6;
        //注意此处 minute 要除以60.0 不是60，还有时钟除以 12
        double hourX = centerX + hL * Math.sin((hour + minute / 60.0) * (2 * Math.PI / 12));
        double hourY = centerY - hL * Math.cos((hour + minute / 60.0) * (2 * Math.PI / 12));
        Line hourLine = new Line(centerX, centerY, hourX, hourY);
        hourLine.setStroke(Color.GREEN);

        String time = hour + ":" + minute + ":" + second;
        Text tTime = new Text(centerX - 23, centerY + 20, time);

        super.getChildren().addAll(secondLine, minuteLine, hourLine, tTime);
    }

    //返回数字时间
    public static String getTime()
    {
        Calendar time = new GregorianCalendar();
        return time.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) + ":" + time.get(Calendar.MINUTE) + ":" + time.get(Calendar.SECOND);
    }
}

//让时钟动起来
//时钟大小可以随桌面改变大小

import javafx.animation.Animation;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.beans.Observable;
import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;

public class ClockAnimation extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        MoreClockPane clock =  new MoreClockPane();
        BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
        pane.setCenter(clock);

        EventHandler<ActionEvent> eventHandler = new EventHandler<ActionEvent>(){
        @Override
        public void handle(ActionEvent e)
        {
            clock.setCurrentTime();
            //从内部类引用的变量必须是最终变量或实际上的最终变量
        }};

        Timeline animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(1000), eventHandler));
        animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
        animation.play();
//练习使用事件监听，也可以直接使用上一章的绑定bind()
        pane.widthProperty().addListener(new InvalidationListener()
        {
            @Override
            public void invalidated(Observable o)
            {
                clock.setW(pane.getWidth());
            }
        });

        pane.heightProperty().addListener(new InvalidationListener()
        {
            @Override
            public void invalidated(Observable o)
            {
                clock.setH(pane.getHeight());
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane);
        primaryStage.setTitle("ClockAnimation");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

2.反弹的小球

//实现小球自动移动
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.beans.property.DoubleProperty;

public class BallPane extends Pane
{
    private final double radius =  20;
    private double x = radius;
    private double y = radius;
    private double dx = 1, dy = 1;
    private Circle circle = new Circle(x, y, radius);
    private Timeline animation;

    public BallPane()
    {
        circle.setFill(Color.GREEN);
        super.getChildren().add(circle);

        EventHandler<ActionEvent> eventHandler = new EventHandler<ActionEvent>(){
        @Override
        public void handle(ActionEvent e)
        {
            moveBall();
        }};

        animation = new Timeline(
            new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(50), eventHandler));
        animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
        animation.play();
    }

    public void play()
    {
        animation.play();
    }

    public void pause()
    {
        animation.pause();
    }

    public void increaseSpeed()
    {
        animation.setRate(animation.getRate() + 0.1);
    }

    public void decreaseSpeed()
    {
        animation.setRate(animation.getRate() > 0 ? animation.getRate() - 0.1 : 0);
    }

    public DoubleProperty rateProperty()
    {
        return animation.rateProperty();
    }

    public void moveBall()
    {
        if (x < radius || x > super.getWidth() - radius)
        {
            dx *= -1;
        }
        if (y < radius || y > super.getHeight() - radius)
        {
            dy *= -1;
        }

        x += dx;
        y += dy;
        circle.setCenterX(x);
        circle.setCenterY(y);
    }
}

//实现鼠标按下小球停止运动，松开继续运动，使用上下键，给小球加速和减速
//可拖拽改变窗体大小，限制小球运动范围
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.input.KeyCode;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.input.KeyEvent;

public class BounceBallControl extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        BallPane ballPane = new BallPane();

        ballPane.setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent o)
            {
                ballPane.pause();
            }
        });

        ballPane.setOnMouseReleased(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent o)
            {
                ballPane.play();
            }
        });

        ballPane.setOnKeyPressed(new EventHandler<KeyEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(KeyEvent ke)
            {
                if (ke.getCode() == KeyCode.DOWN) 
                {
                    ballPane.decreaseSpeed();
                }
                else if (ke.getCode() == KeyCode.UP)
                {
                    ballPane.increaseSpeed();
                }
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(ballPane, 300, 50);
        primaryStage.setTitle("BounceBallControl");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();

        ballPane.requestFocus();
    }
}

3.通过按钮在Dos界面打印特定文字

//单击按钮，在屏幕打印出信息
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;

public class PrintMessage extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        HBox pane = new HBox();
        pane.setSpacing(10);
        pane.setPadding(new Insets(20, 20, 20, 20));
        Button btOK = new Button("OK");
        Button btCancel = new Button("Cancel");

        btOK.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(ActionEvent e)
            {
                System.out.println("OK butten clicked.");
            }
        });
        //lambda表达式
        btCancel.setOnAction(e -> System.out.println("Cancel button clicked"));
        pane.getChildren().addAll(btOK, btCancel);

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane);
        primaryStage.setTitle("PrintMessage");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

4.给之前写的还贷款程序加一个GUI

public class Loan
{
    private double annualInterest;
    private int numberOfYears;
    private double loanAmount;
    private java.util.Date loanDate;

    public Loan()
    {
        loanDate = new java.util.Date();
    }

    public Loan(double annualInterest, int numberOfYears, double loanAmount)
    {
        this.annualInterest = annualInterest;
        this.numberOfYears = numberOfYears;
        this.loanAmount = loanAmount;
        loanDate = new java.util.Date();
    }

    public double getAnnualInterest()
    {
        return annualInterest;
    }

    public int getNumberOfYears()
    {
        return numberOfYears;
    }

    public double getLoanAmount()
    {
        return loanAmount;
    }

    public void setAnnualInterest(double annualInterest)
    {
        this.annualInterest = annualInterest;
    }

    public void setNumberOfYears(int numberOfYears)
    {
        this.numberOfYears = numberOfYears;
    }

    public void setLoanAmount(double loanAmount)
    {
        this.loanAmount = loanAmount;
    }

    public double getMonthlyPayment()
    {
        double monthlyInterestRate = annualInterest / 1200;
        double monthlyPayment = loanAmount * monthlyInterestRate/ (1 - 
            (1 / Math.pow(1 + monthlyInterestRate, numberOfYears * 12)));
        return monthlyPayment;
    }

    public double getTotalPayment()
    {
        double totalPayment = getMonthlyPayment() * numberOfYears * 12;
        return totalPayment;
    }

    public java.util.Date getLoanDate()
    {
        return loanDate;
    }
}

//指定GUI界面计算贷款

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.geometry.HPos;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;

public class CalcualteLoan extends Application
{
    private Label lbAnnualInterestRate = new Label("Annual Interest Rate");
    private TextField tfAnnualInterestRate = new TextField();
    private Label lbNumberOfYears = new Label("Number Of Years");
    private TextField tfNumberOfYears = new TextField();
    private Label lbLoanAmount = new Label("Loan Amount");
    private TextField tfLoanAmount = new TextField();
    private Label lbMonthlyPayment = new Label("Monthly Payment");
    private TextField tfMonthlyPayment = new TextField();
    private Label lbTotalPayment = new Label("Total Payment");
    private TextField tfTotalPayment = new TextField();
    private Button btCalculate = new Button("Calculate");
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        //确定位置
        GridPane pane = new GridPane();
        pane.setHgap(5);
        pane.setVgap(5);
        pane.setPadding(new Insets(20, 20, 20, 20));
        pane.add(lbAnnualInterestRate, 0, 0);
        pane.add(tfAnnualInterestRate, 1, 0);
        pane.add(lbNumberOfYears, 0, 1);
        pane.add(tfNumberOfYears, 1, 1);
        pane.add(lbLoanAmount, 0, 2);
        pane.add(tfLoanAmount, 1, 2);
        pane.add(lbMonthlyPayment, 0, 3);
        pane.add(tfMonthlyPayment, 1, 3);
        pane.add(lbTotalPayment, 0, 4);
        pane.add(tfTotalPayment, 1, 4);
        pane.add(btCalculate, 1, 5);

        //排版，将要计算量设置成不可填写 
        pane.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
        tfAnnualInterestRate.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
        tfNumberOfYears.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
        tfLoanAmount.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
        tfMonthlyPayment.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
        tfTotalPayment.setAlignment(Pos.BOTTOM_RIGHT);
        tfMonthlyPayment.setEditable(false);
        tfTotalPayment.setEditable(false);
        GridPane.setHalignment(btCalculate, HPos.RIGHT);

        btCalculate.setOnAction(e -> calculateLoanPayment());

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane);
        primaryStage.setTitle("CalcualteLoan");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    public void calculateLoanPayment()
    {
        double interest = Double.parseDouble(tfAnnualInterestRate.getText());
        int year = Integer.parseInt(tfNumberOfYears.getText());
        double loanAmount = Double.parseDouble(tfLoanAmount.getText());

        Loan loan = new Loan(interest, year, loanAmount);

        tfMonthlyPayment.setText(String.format("$%.2f", loan.getMonthlyPayment()));
        tfTotalPayment.setText(String.format("$%.2f", loan.getTotalPayment()));
    }
}

5.改变字符串位置（1）

//在面板中鼠标点到哪里字符串就在哪里显示
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.scene.text.FontPosture;
import javafx.scene.text.FontWeight;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseButton;

public class ChangeTextPlace extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        Text text = new Text(20, 20, "Programming is fun.");
        text.setFont(Font.font("MyFont", FontWeight.BOLD, FontPosture.ITALIC, 20));
        pane.getChildren().add(text);
        text.setFill(Color.GREEN);
        text.setStroke(Color.GREEN);
        //注册事件不一样，得到的结果完全不一样
        pane.setOnMouseClicked(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() 
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent e)
            {
                if (e.getButton() == MouseButton.PRIMARY)
                {
                    text.setX(e.getSceneX());
                    text.setY(e.getSceneY());
                }
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 400, 400);
        //primaryStage.setResizable(false);
        primaryStage.setTitle("ChangeText");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

6。改变字符串位置（2）

//鼠标拖动text
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;

public class MouseEventDemo extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        Text text = new Text(20, 20, "Programming is fun!");
        text.setFont(new Font("MyFont", 20));
        text.setStroke(Color.RED);
        text.setFill(Color.RED);

        pane.getChildren().add(text);

//      text.setOnMouseDragged(e -> {
//      text.setX(e.getX());
//      text.setY(e.getY());
//      });

        text.setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent e)
            {
                text.setX(e.getX());
                text.setY(e.getY());
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 400, 400);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Dragged text");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

7.改变小球位置（1）

//使用按键的up/down/left/right移动一个圆
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.input.KeyEvent;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;

public class ControlACirle extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        Circle circle = new Circle(10, 10, 10);
        circle.setFill(Color.RED);
        circle.setStroke(Color.BLACK);
        pane.getChildren().add(circle);

        circle.setOnKeyPressed(new EventHandler<KeyEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(KeyEvent e)
            {
                switch (e.getCode())
                {
                case UP:
                    circle.setCenterY(circle.getCenterY() - 10); break;
                case DOWN:
                    circle.setCenterY(circle.getCenterY() + 10); break;
                case LEFT:
                    circle.setCenterX(circle.getCenterX() - 10); break;
                case RIGHT:
                    circle.setCenterX(circle.getCenterX() + 10); break;

                }
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 200, 200);
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("ControlACirle");
        primaryStage.show();

        circle.requestFocus();
    }
}

8.改变小球位置（2）

//使用鼠标的移动来移动一个小球
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;

public class MoveACircle extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        Circle circle = new Circle(10, 10, 10);
        circle.setFill(Color.RED);
        circle.setStroke(Color.RED);
        pane.getChildren().add(circle);
        //由pane注册事件，当鼠标在pane中移动，就会触发事件源，产生事件，此时事件处理器就会
        //进行事件处理，处理结果就是移动小球、
        pane.setOnMouseMoved(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>()
        {
            @Override
            public void handle(MouseEvent e)
            {
                circle.setCenterX(e.getX());
                circle.setCenterY(e.getY());
            }
        });

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 600, 600);
        primaryStage.setTitle("MoveACircle");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

9.动画（1）

//升国旗
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.shape.Line;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle;
import javafx.animation.PathTransition;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.util.Duration;

public class RaseChinaFlag extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        ImageView flag = new ImageView("image/china.gif");
        pane.getChildren().add(flag);
        Line line = new Line(100, 300, 100, 50);
        Rectangle column = new Rectangle(23, 5, 5, 400);
        column.setFill(Color.BROWN);
        column.setStroke(Color.BLACK);
        pane.getChildren().add(column);
        PathTransition animation = new PathTransition(Duration.millis(10000), line, flag);
        animation.setCycleCount(5);
        //动画播放的命令
        animation.play();

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 200, 400);
        primaryStage.setTitle("RaseChinaFlag");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}

10。动画（2）

//闪烁的文字
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.animation.FadeTransition;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.event.EventHandler;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;

public class Twinkle extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage)
    {
        Pane pane = new Pane();
        Text text = new Text(100, 100, "Programming");
        text.setFont(Font.font("MyFont", 25));
        //文本字体颜色变换动画
        EventHandler<ActionEvent> changeColor = e-> {
            Color color = Color.color(Math.random(), Math.random(), Math.random());
            text.setFill(color);
            text.setStroke(color);
        };
        Timeline change = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(4000), changeColor));
        change.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
        pane.getChildren().add(text);
        //字体透明度变换动画
        FadeTransition animation = new FadeTransition(Duration.millis(2000), text);
        animation.setFromValue(0.1);
        animation.setToValue(1.0);
        animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
        animation.setAutoReverse(true);

        change.play();
        animation.play();

        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 400, 200);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Twinkle");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }
}