关于SIGCHLD的几点讨论

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-130624-id-2907711.html

关于SIG_CHLD信号传递机制，从内核角度做些分析：
1.child退出，调用do_exit()
do_exit()->exit_notify->do_notify_parent

if (!tsk->ptrace && sig == SIGCHLD && (psig->action[SIGCHLD-1].sa.sa_handler == SIG_IGN || (psig->action[SIGCHLD-1].sa.sa_flags & SA_NOCLDWAIT))) { /* * We are exiting and our parent doesn't care. POSIX.1 * defines special semantics for setting SIGCHLD to SIG_IGN * or setting the SA_NOCLDWAIT flag: we should be reaped * automatically and not left for our parent's wait4 call. * Rather than having the parent do it as a magic kind of * signal handler, we just set this to tell do_exit that we * can be cleaned up without becoming a zombie. Note that * we still call __wake_up_parent in this case, because a * blocked sys_wait4 might now return -ECHILD. * * Whether we send SIGCHLD or not for SA_NOCLDWAIT * is implementation-defined: we do (if you don't want * it, just use SIG_IGN instead). */ tsk->exit_signal = -1; if (psig->action[SIGCHLD-1].sa.sa_handler == SIG_IGN) sig = 0; } if (valid_signal(sig) && sig > 0) __group_send_sig_info(sig, &info, tsk->parent); __wake_up_parent(tsk, tsk->parent);

可见，如果SIGCHLD的signal handle function 设置为SIG_IGN或其sa_flags设置了SIG_NOCLDWAIT位，则子进程的退出不会generate a SIGCHLD signal,子进程结束的资源回收由子进程自行处理。其状态直接被设置为
TASK_DEAD，不经过TASK_ZOMBIE状态。

2.对于已经处于pending状态的信号
do_sigaction的注释中有这么一段：
/*
* POSIX 3.3.1.3:
* "Setting a signal action to SIG_IGN for a signal that is
* pending shall cause the pending signal to be discarded,
* whether or not it is blocked."
*
* "Setting a signal action to SIG_DFL for a signal that is
* pending and whose default action is to ignore the signal
* (for example, SIGCHLD), shall cause the pending signal to
* be discarded, whether or not it is blocked"
*/
测试代码：

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> int main(void) { sigset_t mask,pendmask; pid_t pid; sigemptyset(&mask); sigaddset(&mask,SIGCHLD); if(sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK,&mask,NULL) < 0){ perror("sigprocmask error"); exit(1); } if((pid = fork()) == 0){ printf("child exit\n"); exit(0); } sleep(1); if(sigpending(&pendmask) < 0){ perror("sigpending error"); exit(1); } if(sigismember(&pendmask,SIGCHLD)) printf("sigchld is now pending\n"); signal(SIGCHLD,SIG_DFL); printf("Alter signal handler function\n"); sigpending(&pendmask); if(!sigismember(&pendmask,SIGCHLD)) printf("now sigchld is not pending\n"); exit(0); }

i运行结果：

$ ./a.out child exit sigchld is now pending Alter signal handler function now sigchld is not pending

可见sigaction的使用将SIGCHLD从pending queue中去掉。无论是tg的shared pending,还是thread group中各thread的private pending list.