在linux上通过yum安装JDK
本文转发自博客园-Q鱼丸粗面Q的文章,内容略有改动
卸载centos自带的jdk
1.查看当前的jdk版本,并卸载
root@localhost opt]# rpm -qa|grep java
java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el5_11
tzdata-java-2015g-1.el5
//卸载
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.37-1.13.9.4.el5_11
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -e --allmatches --nodeps tzdata-java-2015g-1.el5
安装Jdk
1.查找java相关得列表
[root@cg01 /]# yum -y list java-1.8.0*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Packages
java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.noarch 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.i686 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 1:1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7 updates
[root@cg01 /]#
或者
[root@cg01 /]# yum search java-1.8.0
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
======================================================= N/S matched: java-1.8.0 =======================================================
java-1.8.0-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.i686 : OpenJDK 8 accessibility connector for packages with debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK 8 accessibility connector for packages with debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment 8 with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation for packages with debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation compressed in a single archive
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.noarch : OpenJDK 8 API documentation compressed in a single archive for packages with debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8 for packages with debug on
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle 8 for packages with debug on
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@cg01 /]#
2.安装jdk
[root@cg01 /]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64
[root@cg01 /]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64
3.安装完成之后,验证
[root@cg01 /]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_222"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_222-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.222-b10, mixed mode)
[root@cg01 /]#
4.通过yum默认安装的路径为
/usr/lib/jvm
[root@cg01 jvm]# cd /usr/lib/jvm
[root@cg01 jvm]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Oct 10 17:38 java -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Oct 10 17:38 java-1.8.0 -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1.8.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 Oct 10 17:38 java-1.8.0-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1.8.0_openjdk
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Oct 10 17:38 java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7.x86_64
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Oct 10 17:38 java-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_openjdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 10 17:36 jre -> /etc/alternatives/jre
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Oct 10 17:36 jre-1.8.0 -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 Oct 10 17:36 jre-1.8.0-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0_openjdk
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 51 Oct 10 17:36 jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7.x86_64 -> java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7.x86_64/jre
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 29 Oct 10 17:36 jre-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_openjdk
[root@cg01 jvm]#
如果机器上同时安装了多个jdk的话,java命令只能指向一个版本的jdk,为了在全局中方便修改jdk版本
/etc/alternatives 的目录下面会有个java链接,指向默认需要执行的版本的jdk的bin/java 命令
[root@cg01 jvm]# cd /etc/alternatives
[root@cg01 alternatives]# ll
total 116
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 73 Oct 10 16:00 java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.222.b10-1.el7_7.x86_64/jre/bin/java
5.将jdk的安装路径加入到JAVA_HOME
按照上面创建java命令的形式配置环境变量,以方便后期直接切换软连接进行平滑升级
vim /etc/profile
用vim编辑器来编辑**/etc/profile**文件,在文件末尾添加以下内容(按“i”进入编辑):
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib/charsets.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
然后,保存并退出(按Esc键 输入:wq! )
保存完之后,我们还需要让这个环境变量配置信息里面生效:
source /etc/profile
测试是否安装成功
①、使用javac命令,不会出现command not found错误
②、使用java -version,出现版本为java version “1.8.0_181”
③、echo $PATH,看看自己刚刚设置的的环境变量配置是否都正确