JDBC预处理执行技术

JDBC预处理执行

预处理执行就是我先不执行它，在我需要的时候再执行它
我们先准备一个数据库
这个数据库是下面JDBC代码运行基础
只需要复制到你的mysql上执行下，刷新下就好

/*
SQLyog Ultimate v11.24 (32 bit)
MySQL - 5.6.39 : Database - af_school
*********************************************************************
*/


/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `af_school` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `af_school`;

/*Table structure for table `exam` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `exam`;

CREATE TABLE `exam` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学号',
  `chinese` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '语文成绩',
  `english` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '英语成绩',
  `math` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数学成线',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `exam` */

insert  into `exam`(`id`,`chinese`,`english`,`math`) values (20180001,89,90,98),(20180002,78,82,93),(20180003,90,73,95),(20180004,88,98,83),(20180005,96,79,75),(20180006,77,98,82);

/*Table structure for table `leave_event` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `leave_event`;

CREATE TABLE `leave_event` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '请假记录ID',
  `stuId` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学生ID',
  `daysFrom` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '哪天开始',
  `daysTo` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '哪天结束',
  `type` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '类型，0病假，1事假',
  `reason` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '事由',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `leave_event` */

insert  into `leave_event`(`id`,`stuId`,`daysFrom`,`daysTo`,`type`,`reason`) values (1,20180001,'2018-01-02','2018-01-03',0,'感冒'),(2,20180001,'2018-03-06','2018-03-08',0,'发烧'),(3,20180003,'2018-03-01','2018-03-07',1,'出国旅游'),(4,20180005,'2018-03-07','2018-03-07',1,'家里有事'),(5,20180003,'2018-03-17','2018-03-18',0,'不舒服');

/*Table structure for table `student` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学号',
  `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  `sex` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
  `phone` varchar(16) DEFAULT '13800000000' COMMENT '手机号',
  `birthday` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

/*Data for the table `student` */

insert  into `student`(`id`,`name`,`sex`,`phone`,`birthday`) values (20180001,'盖聂',1,'1409900089','1982-03-09'),(20180002,'卫庄',1,'1282399999','1993-10-01'),(20180003,'张良',1,NULL,'1996-03-11'),(20180004,'伏念',1,NULL,'1982-09-24'),(20180005,'颜路',1,'13699292899','1983-11-21'),(20180006,'赤练',0,'13819289890','1998-03-12'),(20180007,'端木蓉',0,'13800000000','1978-05-12'),(20180008,'盗跖',1,'13410012908','1993-09-10'),(20180009,'白凤',1,'13509890090','1994-04-20'),(20180010,'天明',1,'18799891829','2002-04-19'),(20180011,'月儿',0,'13882938990','2003-06-10');

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

代码实现预处理

我现在想插入一个学生到学生表里面，但是我还没有想好插入哪个学生
怎么办呢？我们用预处理技术

package com.company;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

public class Main4 {
    public static void linktest() throws Exception{
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        String username="root";
        String password="";
        String linkURL="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/af_school?useUnicode=true&characterEncodeing=UTF-8";
        Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(linkURL,username,password);
        //先写一个模板，里面有没有确定的未知参数
        String sql="INSERT INTO student (id,name,birthday) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
        //创建预处理对象
        PreparedStatement prestate=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        //填入参数
        prestate.setInt(1,20180013);
        prestate.setString(2,"李强");
        prestate.setString(3,"2000-9-13");
        prestate.execute();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            linktest();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

预处理的优点

如果sql语句相似，我们可以利用预处理技术进行批量插入
比如我现在要插入多个学生到数据库，那这个插入的sql语句相似度就很高，我们先写一个带?号(未知参数)的sql语句，然后我们把它作为模板进行操作，这样一来我们就事半功倍了

批量插入体现预处理模板优势

package com.company;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

public class Main5 {
    public static void testlink() throws Exception{
        String username="root";
        String password="";
        String linkURL="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/af_school?useUnicode=true&characterEncodeing=UTF-8";
        Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(linkURL,username,password);
        System.out.println("连接成功");
        //带有参数的sql语句
        String sql="INSERT INTO student (id,name,birthday) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
        //数组对象
        int[] id={20190001,20190002,20190003};
        String[] name={"韩梅梅","李王","小孩"};
        String[] birthday={"2001-9-10","2001-9-18","2001-8-15"};
        //使用预处理技术进行批量插入操作
        for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
            PreparedStatement prestate=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            prestate.setInt(1,id[i]);
            prestate.setString(2,name[i]);
            prestate.setString(3,birthday[i]);
            prestate.execute();
        }
        System.out.println("全部执行完毕");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            testlink();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}