Spring 学习第一天

1、web.xml 配置

 	<listener>
        <description>spring</description>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

2、tomcat 启动后会进行listener加载初始化

       /**
	 * Initialize the root web application context.
	 */
	public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
	     //createContextLoader 已经作废
		this.contextLoader = createContextLoader();
		//如果 contextLoader 是null 把当前对象给它 此处判断可以直接去掉
		if (this.contextLoader == null) {
			this.contextLoader = this;
		}
		//开始初始化 WebApplicationContext
		this.contextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
	}

3、initWebApplicationContext 方法负责初始化 Context

/**
	 * Initialize Spring's web application context for the given servlet context,
	 * using the application context provided at construction time, or creating a new one
	 * according to the "{@link #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM contextClass}" and
	 * "{@link #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM contextConfigLocation}" context-params.
	 * @param servletContext current servlet context
	 * @return the new WebApplicationContext
	 * @see #ContextLoader(WebApplicationContext)
	 * @see #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM
	 * @see #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM
	 */
	public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
     	//String ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE = WebApplicationContext.class.getName() + ".ROOT";
		if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
			//上面的判断条件不为空则证明容器中已经有一个 根节点为。root的属性 说明初始化过来所以会抛出异常
			throw new IllegalStateException(
					"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
					"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
		}

		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
		servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
		}
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

		try {
			// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
			// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
			if (this.context == null) {
				// 此处创建context
				this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
			}

			if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				// 如果context是 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext类型的 则直接把 context强制转换
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
				// 判断cwac 是否Active
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
					// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
					// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
					if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
						// cwac 的父属性如果为null 则找到他的父亲并给给父属性赋值
						// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
						// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
						ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
						cwac.setParent(parent);
					}
					// 此处是比较重点的一个方法  先学习该方法 下面的内容以后再看 先把代码给省略的一部分
					configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
				}
			}
			//以下部分先不学习
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

			ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
			if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
				currentContext = this.context;
			}
			else if (ccl != null) {
				currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
			}

			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
						WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
			}
			if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
				long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
				logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
			}

			return this.context;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Error err) {
			logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
			throw err;
		}
	}

4、先看下configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext方法 主要是配置和刷新 context

	protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
		//这是个protected属性的方法
	if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
			// The application context id is still set to its original default value
			// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
			//public static final String CONTEXT_ID_PARAM = "contextId";
			String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
			if (idParam != null) {
				wac.setId(idParam);
			}
			else {
				// Generate default id...
				//String APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX = WebApplicationContext.class.getName() + ":";
				if (sc.getMajorVersion() == 2 && sc.getMinorVersion() < 5) {
					// Servlet <= 2.4: resort to name specified in web.xml, if any.
					wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
							ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getServletContextName()));
				}
				else {

					wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
							ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
				}
			}
		}
		// 给ServletContext赋值
		wac.setServletContext(sc);
		String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
		if (configLocationParam != null) {
			wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
		}

		// The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
		// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
		// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
		ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
		if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
			((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
		}
		// 用于自定义ContextLoader时，扩充自定义Context
		customizeContext(sc, wac);
		// 完成context构造过程。 重新刷新容器
		wac.refresh();
	}

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2372556/blog/681174