基于WebMagic写的一个入门级CSDN博客爬虫

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-22 17:09:42 发布

程裕强

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-22 17:09:42 发布

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分类专栏： Java程序设计文章标签： WebMagic 实例爬虫 csdn博客入门级

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78409035

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参考：
1、http://webmagic.io/docs/zh/
2、http://blog.csdn.net/qq598535550/article/details/51287630

1、创建Maven项目

pom.xml文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>cn.hadron</groupId>
    <artifactId>webmagicDemo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>webmagicDemo</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>us.codecraft</groupId>
            <artifactId>webmagic-core</artifactId>
            <version>0.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>us.codecraft</groupId>
            <artifactId>webmagic-extension</artifactId>
            <version>0.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.40</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>webmagicDemo</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 编码和编译和JDK版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>utf8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2、创建数据库

sql语句如下

MariaDB [(none)]> create database webMagic;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use webMagic;
MariaDB [webMagic]> create table csdnblog(
    id int auto_increment primary key, 
    blogId int not null, 
    title varchar(255) not null, 
    blogDate varchar(16), 
    tags varchar(255), 
    category varchar(255), 
    view int , 
    comments int,
    copyright int,
    url varchar(255) 
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [webMagic]>

3、编写程序

（1）实体Bean

package cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog;

/**
 * MariaDB [(none)]> create database webMagic;
 * MariaDB [webMagic]> create table csdnblog(
 *  id int auto_increment primary key, 
 *  blogId int not null, 
 *  title varchar(255) not null, 
 *  blogDate varchar(16), 
 *  tags varchar(255), 
 *  category varchar(255), 
 *  view int , 
 *  comments int,
 *  copyright int,
 *  url varchar(255) 
 * );
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class CsdnBlog {

    private int blogId;// 编号
    private String title;// 标题
    private String blogDate;// 日期
    private String tags;// 标签
    private String category;// 分类
    private int view;// 阅读人数
    private int comments;// 评论人数
    private int copyright;// 是否原创
    private String url; //网址

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }
    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
    public String getTags() {
        return tags;
    }
    public void setTags(String tags) {
        this.tags = tags;
    }
    public String getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(String category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
    public int getView() {
        return view;
    }
    public void setView(int view) {
        this.view = view;
    }
    public int getComments() {
        return comments;
    }
    public void setComments(int comments) {
        this.comments = comments;
    }
    public int getCopyright() {
        return copyright;
    }
    public void setCopyright(int copyright) {
        this.copyright = copyright;
    }
    public int getBlogId() {
        return blogId;
    }
    public void setBlogId(int blogId) {
        this.blogId = blogId;
    }
    public String getBlogDate() {
        return blogDate;
    }
    public void setBlogDate(String blogDate) {
        this.blogDate = blogDate;
    }
}

（2）Blog入库操作

package cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class CsdnBlogDao {

    private Connection conn = null;
    private Statement stmt = null;

    public CsdnBlogDao() {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.133:3306/webMagic?user=root&password=123456";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url);
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public int add(CsdnBlog csdnBlog) {
        try {
            String sql = "INSERT INTO `webMagic`.`csdnblog` (`blogId`, `title`, `blogDate`, `tags`, `category`, `view`, `comments`, `copyright`,`url`) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?,?);";
            PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            ps.setInt(1, csdnBlog.getBlogId());
            ps.setString(2, csdnBlog.getTitle());
            ps.setString(3, csdnBlog.getBlogDate());
            ps.setString(4, csdnBlog.getTags());
            ps.setString(5, csdnBlog.getCategory());
            ps.setInt(6, csdnBlog.getView());
            ps.setInt(7, csdnBlog.getComments());
            ps.setInt(8, csdnBlog.getCopyright());
            ps.setString(9, csdnBlog.getUrl());
            return ps.executeUpdate();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return -1;
    }
}

（3）爬数据

package cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog;

import java.util.List;

import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor;
import us.codecraft.webmagic.selector.Selectable;

/**
 * CSDN博客爬虫
 * @describe 可以爬取指定用户的csdn博客所有文章，并保存到数据库中。
 */
public class CsdnBlogPageProcessor implements PageProcessor {

    private static String username = "dabokele";// 设置csdn用户名
    private static int size = 0;// 共抓取到的文章数量

    // 抓取网站的相关配置，包括：编码、抓取间隔、重试次数等
    private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(5000);

    public CsdnBlogPageProcessor(){}

    public CsdnBlogPageProcessor(String username){
        CsdnBlogPageProcessor.username=username;
    }

    //get the site settings
    @Override
    public Site getSite() {
        return site;
    }

    // process是定制爬虫逻辑的核心接口，在这里编写抽取逻辑
    @Override
    public void process(Page page) {

        // 列表页
        if (!page.getUrl().regex("http://blog\\.csdn\\.net/" + username + "/article/details/\\d+").match()) {
            // 添加所有文章页
            page.addTargetRequests(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@id='article_list']").links()// 限定文章列表获取区域
                    .regex("/" + username + "/article/details/\\d+")
                    .replace("/" + username + "/", "http://blog.csdn.net/" + username + "/")// 巧用替换给把相对url转换成绝对url
                    .all());
            // 添加其他列表页
            page.addTargetRequests(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@id='papelist']").links()// 限定其他列表页获取区域
                    .regex("/" + username + "/article/list/\\d+")
                    .replace("/" + username + "/", "http://blog.csdn.net/" + username + "/")// 巧用替换给把相对url转换成绝对url
                    .all());

        } else {// 文章页，匹配"http://blog\\.csdn\\.net/" + username + "/article/details/\\d+"
            size++;// 文章数量加1
            // 用CsdnBlog类来存抓取到的数据，方便存入数据库
            CsdnBlog csdnBlog = new CsdnBlog();
            // 设置编号
            csdnBlog.setBlogId(Integer.parseInt(page.getUrl().regex("http://blog\\.csdn\\.net/" + username + "/article/details/(\\d+)").get()));
            // 设置标题
            csdnBlog.setTitle(
                    page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_title']//span[@class='link_title']/a/text()").get());
            // 设置日期
            csdnBlog.setBlogDate(
                    page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_postdate']/text()").get());
            // 设置标签（可以有多个，用,来分割）
            csdnBlog.setTags(listToString(page.getHtml()
                    .xpath("//div[@class='article_l']/span[@class='link_categories']/a/allText()").all()));
            // 设置类别（可以有多个，用,来分割）
            csdnBlog.setCategory(
                    listToString(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='category_r']/label/span/text()").all()));
            // 设置阅读人数
            csdnBlog.setView(Integer.parseInt(page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_view']")
                    .regex("(\\d+)人阅读").get()));
            // 设置评论人数
            csdnBlog.setComments(Integer.parseInt(page.getHtml()
                    .xpath("//div[@class='article_r']/span[@class='link_comments']").regex("\\((\\d+)\\)").get()));
            // 设置是否原创
            csdnBlog.setCopyright(page.getHtml().regex("bog_copyright").match() ? 1 : 0);
            //设置URL
            csdnBlog.setUrl(page.getUrl().toString());
            // 把对象存入数据库
            new CsdnBlogDao().add(csdnBlog);
            // 把对象输出控制台
            System.out.println(csdnBlog);

        }
    }

    // 把list转换为string，用,分割
    public static String listToString(List<String> stringList) {
        if (stringList == null) {
            return null;
        }
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        boolean flag = false;
        for (String string : stringList) {
            if (flag) {
                result.append(",");
            } else {
                flag = true;
            }
            result.append(string);
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long startTime, endTime;
        System.out.println("【爬虫开始】请耐心等待一大波数据到你碗里来...");
        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // 从用户博客首页开始抓，开启5个线程，启动爬虫
        Spider.create(new CsdnBlogPageProcessor("chengyuqiang")).addUrl("http://blog.csdn.net/" + username).thread(5).run();

        endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("【爬虫结束】共抓取" + size + "篇文章，耗时约" + ((endTime - startTime) / 1000) + "秒，已保存到数据库，请查收！");
    }
}

4、运行程序

【爬虫开始】请耐心等待一大波数据到你碗里来...
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (us.codecraft.webmagic.scheduler.QueueScheduler).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@3e7e6b2e
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78379332
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@146f9832
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@5e1f28cf
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@4525f588
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78383856
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/78392985
...

...
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@170dc779
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/53947362
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@5e6d81
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/53947507
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@ac68d76
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/53946911
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@7f82f115
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/53946664
cn.hadron.webmagic.csdnblog.CsdnBlog@528b9c88
get page: http://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/53868915
【爬虫结束】共抓取182篇文章，耗时约215秒，已保存到数据库，请查收！

MariaDB [webMagic]> select count(1) from csdnblog;
+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
|      182 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [webMagic]>

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基于WebMagic写的一个入门级CSDN博客爬虫

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/qq598535550/article/details/512876301、创建Maven项目pom.xml文件如下<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schema
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