委托的协变与逆变的应用

 1.协变。

    以下委托将定义为具有Human返回类型的委托，而实例化委托的方法中有一个返回类型是Women类型的。Women类型是由Human类型派生的。

Code
    class Human
    {
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return "human";
        }
    }
    class Women : Humen
    {
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return "women";
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        /// <summary> 
        /// 定义一个返回类型为Human的委托。 
        /// </summary> 
        /// <returns>返回一个Human对象。</returns> 
        public delegate Human GetHumanHandler(bool isWomen);

        public static Human GetHuman(bool isWomen)
        {
            Human human;
            if (isWomen)
            {
                human = new Women();
                Console.WriteLine(human);
                return human;
            }
            human = new Human();
            Console.WriteLine(human);
            return human;
        }

        public static Human GetWomen()
        {
            Women human = new Women();
            Console.WriteLine(human);
            return human;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //命名方法 
            GetHumanHandler handler1 = GetHuman;
            //匿名方法 
            GetHumanHandler handler2 = delegate
            {
                return GetWomen();
            };
            handler1.Invoke(false);
            handler2.Invoke(true);
        }
    }

2.逆变

    以下委托将定义为一个带有Human类型参数的委托何一个带有Women类型参数的委托。Women类型是由Human类型派生的。而实例化委托的方法中只
是一个带有Human类型参数的方法。两个委托共用一个方法实例。

Code
    class Human
    {
    }
    class Women : Human
    {
    }

    class Program
    {
        public delegate void HumanInfoPrintHandler(Human human);
        public delegate void WomenInfoPrintHandler(Women human);

        public static void HumanInfoPrint(Human human)
        {
            if (human is Women)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("women");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("human");
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            HumanInfoPrintHandler handler1 = HumanInfoPrint;
            WomenInfoPrintHandler handler2 = HumanInfoPrint;
            handler1.Invoke(new Human());
            handler2.Invoke(new Women());
        }
    }