Normal Distribute

http://www.cnblogs.com/langu/archive/2013/05/13/3075714.html

using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Text;

namespace WebApplicationTest
{
    public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            List<double> scores = new List<double>();
            scores.Add(59);
            scores.Add(70);         
            StandardDistribution mathX = new StandardDistribution(scores);
            Bitmap bitmap = mathX.GetGaussianDistributionGraph(500, 480, 805);
            //bitmap.Save("tt.jpg", System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
            System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();

            bitmap.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);

            Response.ClearContent();

            Response.ContentType = "image/Jpeg";

            Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());

        }
    }
        public class StandardDistribution
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 样本数据
            /// </summary>
            public List<double> Xs { get; private set; }

            public StandardDistribution(List<double> Xs)
            {
                this.Xs = Xs;

                Average = Xs.Average();
                Variance = GetVariance(Xs);

                if (Variance == 0) throw new Exception("方差为0");//此时不需要统计 因为每个样本数据都相同，可以在界面做相应提示

                StandardVariance = Math.Sqrt(Variance);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 方差/标准方差的平方
            /// </summary>
            public double Variance { get; private set; }

            /// <summary>
            /// 标准方差
            /// </summary>
            public double StandardVariance { get; private set; }

            /// <summary>
            /// 算数平均值/数学期望
            /// </summary>
            public double Average { get; private set; }

            /// <summary>
            /// 1/ (2π的平方根)的值
            /// </summary>
            public static double InverseSqrt2PI = 1 / Math.Sqrt(2 * Math.PI);

            /// <summary>
            /// 获取指定X值的Y值  计算正太分布的公式
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="x"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public double GetGaussianDistributionY(double x)
            {
                double PowOfE = -(Math.Pow(Math.Abs(x - Average), 2) / (2 * Variance));

                double result = (StandardDistribution.InverseSqrt2PI / StandardVariance) * Math.Pow(Math.E, PowOfE);

                return result;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 获取正太分布的坐标<x,y>
            /// </summary>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public List<Tuple<double, double>> GetGaussianDistributionYs()
            {
                List<Tuple<double, double>> XYs = new List<Tuple<double, double>>();

                Tuple<double, double> xy = null;

                foreach (double x in Xs)
                {
                    xy = new Tuple<double, double>(x, GetGaussianDistributionY(x));
                    XYs.Add(xy);
                }

                return XYs;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 获取整型列表的方差
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="src">要计算方差的数据列表</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static double GetVariance(List<double> src)
            {
                double average = src.Average();
                double SumOfSquares = 0;
                src.ForEach(x => { SumOfSquares += Math.Pow(x - average, 2); });
                return SumOfSquares / src.Count;//方差
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 获取整型列表的方差
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="src">要计算方差的数据列表</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public static float GetVariance(List<float> src)
            {
                float average = src.Average();
                double SumOfSquares = 0;
                src.ForEach(x => { SumOfSquares += Math.Pow(x - average, 2); });
                return (float)SumOfSquares / src.Count;//方差
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 画学生成绩的正态分布
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="Width"></param>
            /// <param name="Height"></param>
            /// <param name="Scores">分数，Y值</param>
            /// <param name="familyName"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            public Bitmap GetGaussianDistributionGraph(int Width, int Height, int TotalScore, string familyName = "宋体")
            {
                //横轴 分数；纵轴 正态分布的值

                Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height);

                Graphics gdi = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);

                gdi.Clear(Color.White);
                gdi.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
                gdi.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit;
                gdi.PixelOffsetMode = PixelOffsetMode.HighQuality;
               

                List<Tuple<double, double>> Scores = GetGaussianDistributionYs().OrderBy(x => x.Item1).ToList();//排序 方便后面点与点之间的连线  保证 分数低的 在左边

                float YHeight = 0.8F * Height;// 相对左下角 YHeight*0.9F 将表示 maxY
                float XWidth = 0.9F * Width;//相对左下角 XWidth*0.9F 将表示 maxX

                float marginX = (Width - XWidth) / 2F;//x轴相对左右图片边缘的像素
                float marginY = (Height - YHeight) / 2F;//y轴相对上下图片边缘的像素

                PointF leftTop = new PointF(marginX, marginY);

                PointF leftBottom = new PointF(marginX, marginY + YHeight);//坐标轴的左下角

                PointF rightBottom = new PointF(marginX + XWidth, marginY + YHeight);//坐标轴的右下角

 

                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, leftBottom, rightBottom);//x轴
                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, leftBottom, leftTop);//Y轴

                //两个箭头 四条线 6个坐标 另需4个坐标

                PointF YArrowLeft = new PointF(leftTop.X - 5, leftTop.Y + 5);
                PointF YArrowRight = new PointF(leftTop.X + 5, leftTop.Y + 5);
                PointF XArrowTop = new PointF(rightBottom.X - 5, rightBottom.Y - 5);
                PointF XArrowBottom = new PointF(rightBottom.X - 5, rightBottom.Y + 5);

                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, leftTop, YArrowLeft);
                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, leftTop, YArrowRight);
                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, rightBottom, XArrowTop);
                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Gray, rightBottom, XArrowBottom);

                float unitX = 0.0F;//X轴转换比率
                float unitY = 0.0F;//Y轴转换比率

                List<PointF> pointFs = ConvertToPointF(Scores, XWidth * 0.9F, YHeight * 0.9F, leftTop, out unitX, out unitY);//将分数和概率 转换成 坐标

                gdi.DrawCurve(Pens.Black, pointFs.ToArray(), 0.0F);//基数样条

                //平均分 与 Y轴平行

                PointF avg_top = new PointF(leftTop.X + (float)Average * unitX, leftTop.Y);
                PointF avg_bottom = new PointF(leftTop.X + (float)Average * unitX, leftBottom.Y);
                gdi.DrawLine(Pens.Black, avg_top, avg_bottom);
                gdi.DrawString(string.Format("{0}", ((float)Average).ToString("F2")), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, avg_bottom.X, avg_bottom.Y - 25);

                //将期望和方差写在横轴下方中间

                PointF variance_pf = new PointF(leftBottom.X + (XWidth / 2) - 120, avg_bottom.Y + 25);
                gdi.DrawString(string.Format("期望：{0}；方差：{1}", ((float)Average).ToString("F2"), Variance.ToString("F2")), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, variance_pf.X, variance_pf.Y);

               
                //将最小分数 和 最大分数 分成9段 标记在坐标轴横轴上

                double minX = Scores.Min(x => x.Item1);
                double maxX = Scores.Max(x => x.Item1);

                double perSegment = TotalScore / 10;// (maxX - minX) / 9F;//每一段表示的分数

                List<double> segs = new List<double>();//每一个分段分界线横轴的值

                segs.Add(leftBottom.X + (float)minX * unitX);

                for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
                {
                    segs.Add(leftBottom.X + (float)minX * unitX + perSegment * i * unitX);
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)
                {
                    gdi.DrawPie(Pens.Black, (float)segs[i] - 1, leftBottom.Y - 1, 2, 2, 0, 360);

                    gdi.DrawString(string.Format("{0}", ((minX + perSegment * (i))).ToString("F0")), new Font("宋体", 11), Brushes.Black, (float)segs[i] - 15, leftBottom.Y + 5);
                }

                return bitmap;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// 将数据转换为坐标
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="Scores"></param>
            /// <param name="X">最长利用横轴</param>
            /// <param name="Y">最长利用纵轴 </param>
            /// <param name="leftTop">左上角原点</param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            private static List<PointF> ConvertToPointF(List<Tuple<double, double>> Scores, float X, float Y, PointF leftTop, out  float unitX, out  float unitY)
            {
                double maxY = Scores.Max(x => x.Item2);
                double maxX = Scores.Max(x => x.Item1);

                List<PointF> result = new List<PointF>();

                float paddingY = Y * 0.01F;
                float paddingX = X * 0.01F;

                unitY = (float)((Y - paddingY) / maxY);//单位纵轴表示出来需要的高度 计算出来的纵坐标需要 leftTop.Y+(Y-item2*unitY)+paddingY
                unitX = (float)((X - paddingX) / maxX);//单位横轴表示出来需要的宽度 计算出来的横坐标需要 leftTop.X+item1*unitX

                PointF pf = new PointF();
                foreach (Tuple<double, double> item in Scores)
                {
                    pf = new PointF(leftTop.X + (float)item.Item1 * unitX, leftTop.Y + (Y - (float)item.Item2 * unitY) + paddingY);
                    result.Add(pf);
                }

                return result;
            }

        }  
}