策略模式用意是针对一组算法,将每一个算法封装到具有共同接口的独立的类中,从而使得他们可以相互替换
一个系统需要动态地在几种算法中选择一种。那么这些算法可以包装到一个个的具体算法里面,而这些具体算法类都是一个抽象算法类的子类。就是这些具体算法类均有统一的接口,由于多态性原则,客户端可以选择使用任何一个具体算法类,并只持有一个数据类型是抽象算法类的对象
如果在一个系统里面有许多类,他们之间的区别仅在于他们的行为,那么使用策略模式可以动态地让一个对象在许多行为中选择一种行为
一个系统的算加法使用的数据不可以让客户端知道。策略模式可以避免让客户端涉及到不必要接触到的只与算法有关的数据
如果一个对象有很多行为,如果不用恰当的模式,这些行为就只好使用多重的条件选择语句来实现,这时可以考虑使用策略模式
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- public interface DiscountStrategy {
- public BigDecimal calculateDiscount();
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public interface DiscountStrategy {
public BigDecimal calculateDiscount();
}
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- /**
- * 固定1元折扣
- */
- public class FlatRateStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
- private BigDecimal price;
- public FlatRateStrategy(BigDecimal price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- public BigDecimal getPrice() {
- return price;
- }
- public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- /**
- * 策略方法
- */
- public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
- return new BigDecimal("1.00");
- }
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
/**
* 固定1元折扣
*/
public class FlatRateStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
private BigDecimal price;
public FlatRateStrategy(BigDecimal price) {
this.price = price;
}
public BigDecimal getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
this.price = price;
}
/**
* 策略方法
*/
public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
return new BigDecimal("1.00");
}
}
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- /**
- * 无折扣
- */
- public class NoDiscountStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
- private BigDecimal price;
- public NoDiscountStrategy(BigDecimal price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- /**
- * 策略方法
- */
- public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
- return BigDecimal.ZERO.multiply(price);
- }
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
/**
* 无折扣
*/
public class NoDiscountStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
private BigDecimal price;
public NoDiscountStrategy(BigDecimal price) {
this.price = price;
}
/**
* 策略方法
*/
public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
return BigDecimal.ZERO.multiply(price);
}
}
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- /**
- * 2折折扣
- */
- public class PercentageStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
- private BigDecimal percent;
- private BigDecimal price;
- public PercentageStrategy(BigDecimal percent, BigDecimal price) {
- this.percent = percent;
- this.price = price;
- }
- public BigDecimal getPercent() {
- return percent;
- }
- public void setPercent(BigDecimal percent) {
- this.percent = percent;
- }
- public BigDecimal getPrice() {
- return price;
- }
- public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
- /**
- * 策略方法
- */
- public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
- return price.multiply(percent).setScale(2);
- }
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
/**
* 2折折扣
*/
public class PercentageStrategy implements DiscountStrategy {
private BigDecimal percent;
private BigDecimal price;
public PercentageStrategy(BigDecimal percent, BigDecimal price) {
this.percent = percent;
this.price = price;
}
public BigDecimal getPercent() {
return percent;
}
public void setPercent(BigDecimal percent) {
this.percent = percent;
}
public BigDecimal getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
this.price = price;
}
/**
* 策略方法
*/
public BigDecimal calculateDiscount() {
return price.multiply(percent).setScale(2);
}
}
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- public class Context {
- private DiscountStrategy discountStrategy;
- public Context(DiscountStrategy discountStrategy) {
- this.discountStrategy = discountStrategy;
- }
- public BigDecimal contextCalculate() {
- return discountStrategy.calculateDiscount();
- }
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class Context {
private DiscountStrategy discountStrategy;
public Context(DiscountStrategy discountStrategy) {
this.discountStrategy = discountStrategy;
}
public BigDecimal contextCalculate() {
return discountStrategy.calculateDiscount();
}
}
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- public class Client {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- DiscountStrategy noDiscountStrategy = new NoDiscountStrategy(new BigDecimal("88.00"));
- DiscountStrategy flatRateStrategy = new FlatRateStrategy(new BigDecimal("88.00"));
- DiscountStrategy percentageStrategy = new PercentageStrategy(new BigDecimal("0.20"),new BigDecimal("88.00"));
- /**
- * 无折扣
- */
- Context noDiscountStrategyContext = new Context(noDiscountStrategy);
- System.out.println(noDiscountStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
- /**
- * 固定1元折扣
- */
- Context flatRateStrategyContext = new Context(flatRateStrategy);
- System.out.println(flatRateStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
- /**
- * 2折折扣
- */
- Context percentageStrategyContext = new Context(percentageStrategy);
- System.out.println(percentageStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
- }
- }
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DiscountStrategy noDiscountStrategy = new NoDiscountStrategy(new BigDecimal("88.00"));
DiscountStrategy flatRateStrategy = new FlatRateStrategy(new BigDecimal("88.00"));
DiscountStrategy percentageStrategy = new PercentageStrategy(new BigDecimal("0.20"),new BigDecimal("88.00"));
/**
* 无折扣
*/
Context noDiscountStrategyContext = new Context(noDiscountStrategy);
System.out.println(noDiscountStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
/**
* 固定1元折扣
*/
Context flatRateStrategyContext = new Context(flatRateStrategy);
System.out.println(flatRateStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
/**
* 2折折扣
*/
Context percentageStrategyContext = new Context(percentageStrategy);
System.out.println(percentageStrategyContext.contextCalculate());
}
}