装饰器

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 19:55:48 发布

chenjuan0291

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 19:55:48 发布

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文章标签： python

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/hebianxizao/blog/56836

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今天看了些装饰器的问题：

在一篇博客http://www.cnblogs.com/huxi/archive/2011/03/01/1967600.html里讲到：

total_ordering(cls):

这个装饰器在特定的场合有一定用处，但是它是在Python 2.7后新增的。它的作用是为实现了至少__lt__、__le__、__gt__、__ge__其中一个的类加上其他的比较方法，这是一个类装饰器。如果觉得不好理解，不妨仔细看看这个装饰器的源代码：

def total_ordering(cls):
      """Class decorator that fills in missing ordering methods"""
      convert = {
          '__lt__': [('__gt__', lambda self, other: other < self),
                     ('__le__', lambda self, other: not other < self),
                     ('__ge__', lambda self, other: not self < other)],
          '__le__': [('__ge__', lambda self, other: other <= self),
                     ('__lt__', lambda self, other: not other <= self),
                     ('__gt__', lambda self, other: not self <= other)],
          '__gt__': [('__lt__', lambda self, other: other > self),
                     ('__ge__', lambda self, other: not other > self),
                     ('__le__', lambda self, other: not self > other)],
          '__ge__': [('__le__', lambda self, other: other >= self),
                    ('__gt__', lambda self, other: not other >= self),
                     ('__lt__', lambda self, other: not self >= other)]
      }
      roots = set(dir(cls)) & set(convert)
      if not roots:
          raise ValueError('must define at least one ordering operation: < > <= >=')
      root = max(roots)       # prefer __lt__ to __le__ to __gt__ to __ge__
      for opname, opfunc in convert[root]:
          if opname not in roots:
              opfunc.__name__ = opname
              opfunc.__doc__ = getattr(int, opname).__doc__
              setattr(cls, opname, opfunc)
      return cls

不太看得懂，于是查了下手册：

functools.total_ordering( cls)

Given a class defining one or more rich comparison ordering methods, this class decorator supplies the rest. This simplifies the effort involved in specifying all of the possible rich comparison operations:

The class must define one of __lt__(), __le__(), __gt__(), or __ge__(). In addition, the class should supply an __eq__() method.

For example:

@total_ordering
class Student:
    def __eq__(self, other):
        return ((self.lastname.lower(), self.firstname.lower()) ==
                (other.lastname.lower(), other.firstname.lower()))
    def __lt__(self, other):
        return ((self.lastname.lower(), self.firstname.lower()) <
                (other.lastname.lower(), other.firstname.lower()))