如何成功调试《Struts in Action》的第一例

1、按书中要求先建立ActionForm.java、RegisterAction.java、struts-config.xml和三个页面并依照书中介绍部署在Tomcat下

2、我使用的环境是jb，按照书中介绍部署好的应用在编译时会遇到如下问题：
a、找不到UserDirectory类
b、找不到struts-html.tld文件

3、解决方法
a、新建UserDirectory和UserDirectory类，可以在某位网友的blog上找到
http://blog.matrix.org.cn/page/xy_cq01/?anchor=userdirectory_%E4%B8%8E_userdirectoryexception

代码如下：
/*
* $Header: /home/cvspublic/jakarta-struts/src/example/org/apache/struts/example/LogoffAction.java,v 1.4 2000/09/23 22:53:53 craigmcc Exp $
* $Revision: 1.4 $
* $Date: 2000/09/23 22:53:53 $
*
* ====================================================================
*
* The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights
* reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
*   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
*   distribution.
*
* 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if
*   any, must include the following acknowlegement:
*     "This product includes software developed by the
*     Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache-DOT-org/)."
*   Alternately, this acknowlegement may appear in the software itself,
*   if and wherever such third-party acknowlegements normally appear.
*
* 4. The names "The Jakarta Project", "Tomcat", and "Apache Software
*   Foundation" must not be used to endorse or promote products derived
*   from this software without prior written permission. For written
*   permission, please contact apache-AT-apache.org.
*
* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache"
*   nor may "Apache" appear in their names without prior written
*   permission of the Apache Group.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR
* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
* USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
* OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
* ====================================================================
*
* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
* individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
* information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
* <http://www.apache.org/>.
*
*/





/**
* Implementation of Action that validates a user
* logon.
*


* :TODO: Javadocs.
*
* todo Javadocs
* author George Franciscus
* -AT-version $Revision: $ $Date: $
*/
package app;




import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.net.URL;




public class UserDirectory {




  /**
 
  /
  private static final String UserDirectoryFile =
    "resources/users.properties";





  /**
 
  /
  private static final String UserDirectoryHeader =
    "${user}=${password}";




  /**
 
  /
  private static UserDirectory userDirectory = null;





  /**
 
  /
  private static Properties p;





  /**
 
  /
  private UserDirectory() throws UserDirectoryException {




        java.io.InputStream i = null;
        p = null;
        i = this.getClass().getClassLoader().
          getResourceAsStream(UserDirectoryFile);





        if (null==i) {
          throw new UserDirectoryException();
        }




        else {




          try {
            p = new Properties();
            p.load(i);
            i.close();
          }




          catch (java.io.IOException e) {
            p = null;
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
            throw new UserDirectoryException();
          }




          finally {
            i = null;
          }




        } // end else




  } // end UserDirectory





  /**
 
  /
  public static UserDirectory getInstance() throws
        UserDirectoryException {




    if (null==userDirectory) {




        userDirectory = new UserDirectory();




    }




    return userDirectory;




  }





  /**
  Transform id so that it will match any conventions used by user
  directory. The default implementation forces the id to
  uppercase. Does not expect the userId to be null and
  will throw a NPE if it is.
 
  @exception Throws Null Pointer Exception if userId is null.
  */
  public String fixId(String userId) {
    return userId.toUpperCase();
  }





  /**
 
  /
  public boolean isValidPassword(String userId, String password) {




        // no null passwords
    if (null==password) return false;




        // conform userId to uppercase
    String _userId = fixId(userId);




        // no passwords for non-users
    if (!isUserExist(_userId)) return false;




        // does password match user's password
    return (password.equals(getPassword(_userId)));




  }





  /**
 
  /
  public boolean isUserExist(String userId) {




        // no null users
    if (null==userId) return false;




        // if not null, it's a user
    return !(null==p.getProperty(userId));




  }





  /**
 
  /
  public String getPassword(String userId) {
      return p.getProperty(userId);
  }





  /**
 
  /
  public Enumeration getUserIds() {
    return p.propertyNames();
  }





  /**
 
  /
  public void setUser(String userId, String password) throws
        UserDirectoryException {




    // no nulls
    if ((null==userId) || (null==password)) {
        throw new UserDirectoryException();
    }





    try {




        // conform userId to uppercase when stored
        p.put(fixId(userId), password);
        String o = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(UserDirectoryFile).getFile();
        p.store(new FileOutputStream(o), UserDirectoryHeader);




    }




    catch (IOException e) {
        throw new UserDirectoryException();




    }
  }




} // end UserDirectory

/*
* $Header: /home/cvspublic/jakarta-struts/src/example/org/apache/struts/example/LogoffAction.java,v 1.4 2000/09/23 22:53:53 craigmcc Exp $
* $Revision: 1.4 $
* $Date: 2000/09/23 22:53:53 $
*
* ====================================================================
*
* The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights
* reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
*   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
*   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
*   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
*   distribution.
*
* 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if
*   any, must include the following acknowlegement:
*     "This product includes software developed by the
*     Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/)."
*   Alternately, this acknowlegement may appear in the software itself,
*   if and wherever such third-party acknowlegements normally appear.
*
* 4. The names "The Jakarta Project", "Tomcat", and "Apache Software
*   Foundation" must not be used to endorse or promote products derived
*   from this software without prior written permission. For written
*   permission, please contact apache@apache.org.
*
* 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache"
*   nor may "Apache" appear in their names without prior written
*   permission of the Apache Group.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR
* ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
* USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
* OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
* ====================================================================
*
* This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
* individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more
* information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
* <http://www.apache.org/>.
*
*/





/**
* author George Franciscus
* version $Revision: $ $Date: $
*/
package app;




public class UserDirectoryException extends Exception {




  // ; Empty implementation




}

3、在src下新建resources目录，并建一个空文件users.properties
4、去http://struts.apache.org/下在最新的struts包，包括源码那个，把struts_html.tld、struts_bean.tld、struts_logic.tld，这三个文件会在创建struts应用项目时自动拷贝到项目的WEB-INF目录下。把lib下所有的.jar都引入当前工程
5、修改struts-config.xml文件中的struts_form.tld为struts_html.tld
6、调试运行，OK!