目标
1、消费端限流
2、消息的ACK与重回队列
3、TTL消息
4、死信队列
消费端限流
什么是消费端的限流?
假设一个场景,首先,我们RabbitMQ服务器有上万条未处理的消息,我们随便打开一个消费者客户端,会出现下面情况:
巨量的消息瞬间全部推送过来,但是我们单个客户端无法同时处理这么多数据!
消费端限流RabbitMQ提供的解决方案
RabbitMQ提供了一种qos(服务质量保证)功能,即在非自动确认消息的前提下,如果一定数目的消息(通过基于Consumer或者Channel设置Qos的值)未被确认前,不进行消费新的消息
Void BasicQos(uint prefetchSize, ushort prefetchCount, bool global);
prefetchSize:0 不限制消息大小
prefetchSize:会告诉RabbitMQ不要同时给一个消费者推送多于N个消息,即一旦有N个消息还没有ack,则该Consumer将block(阻塞)掉,直到有消息ack
Global:true\false是否将上面设置应用于Channel;简单来说,就是上面限制是Channel级别的还是Consumer级别
注意:
prefetchSize和global这两项,RabbitMQ没有实现,暂且不研究;
prefetch_count在no_ask=false的情况下生效,即在自动应答的情况下,这两个值是不生效的;
自定义消费端代码
package com.chenkang.rabbitmqapi.limit;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import java.io.IOException;
public class MyConsumer extends DefaultConsumer {
private Channel channel ;
public MyConsumer(Channel channel) {
super(channel);
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
System.err.println("-----------consume message----------");
System.err.println("consumerTag: " + consumerTag);
System.err.println("envelope: " + envelope);
System.err.println("properties: " + properties);
System.err.println("body: " + new String(body));
channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
消费端代码
package com.chenkang.rabbitmqapi.limit;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.2.137");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
String exchangeName = "test_qos_exchange";
String queueName = "test_qos_queue";
String routingKey = "qos.#";
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true, false, null);
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
//1 限流方式 第一件事就是 autoAck设置为 false
channel.basicQos(0, 1, false);
channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, new MyConsumer(channel));
}
}
提供方代码
package com.chenkang.rabbitmqapi.limit;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
public