SpringMVC-1 第一个SpringMVC程序

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-13 16:11:46 发布

chenlei7082

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-13 16:11:46 发布

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文章标签： java web.xml 后端

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/nan99/blog/1518142

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1.需求：

用户提交一个请求，服务端处理器接收到请求后，给出一条信息，在相应页面中显示该条信息

2.搭建环境

2.1导入jar包
2.2配置web.xml，注册SpringMVC前端控制器（中央调度器）
2.3编写SpringMVC后端控制器
2.4编写springmvc配置文件（注意文件名称格式），注册后端控制器（注意id写法格式）
2.5编写跳转资源页面

1.导入jar包

需要的JAR包

com.springsource.com.mchange.v2.c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar
com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
junit-4.9.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.30.jar
spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-support-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar

2.配置web.xml，注册SpringMVC前端控制器（中央调度器）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>01-SpringMVC</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 配置springMVC中央调度器 -->
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>victor</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<!-- 指定springmvc配置文件的路径及名称 -->
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>victor</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.编写SpringMVC后端控制器

public class MyController implements Controller {

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.addObject("message","Hello SpringMVC World!");
		mv.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp");
		return mv;
	}

}

4.编写springmvc配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
     <!-- 注册后端控制器 -->   
     <bean id="/my.do" class="com.bjsxt.handlers.MyController"></bean>
</beans>

5.编写跳转资源页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	${message}
</body>
</html>

6.目录结构

3.web.xml中urlpattern配置问题

3.1配置/和配置/*的区别

3.2静态资源无法访问解决方案（三种）

此方法针对于/*

1. 在web.xml中增加如下配置


  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

2.第二种方案

第一步增加头信息

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

第二步配置文件中增加<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
     <!-- 注册后端控制器 -->   
     <bean id="/my.do" class="com.bjsxt.handlers.MyController"></bean>
</beans>

3.第三种方案

第一步也是增加头信息

第二步使用<mvc:resources location="" mapping=""/>

如<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>

其中/images/**后面的**表示任意文件

4.视图解析器

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/nan99/blog/1518142