验证码工具函数:
public class CaptchaUtil {
// 随机产生的字符串
// private static final String RANDOM_STRS = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
private static final String RANDOM_STRS = "0123456789";
private static final String FONT_NAME = "Arial";
private static final int FONT_SIZE = 18;
private Random random = new Random();
private int width = 80;// 图片宽
private int height = 25;// 图片高
private int lineNum = 50;// 干扰线数量
private int strNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量
/**
*
* 生成随机图片
*/
public BufferedImage genRandomCodeImage(StringBuffer randomCode) {
// BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
// 获取Graphics对象,便于对图像进行各种绘制操作
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// 设置背景色
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 设置干扰线的颜色
g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 120));
// 绘制干扰线
for (int i = 0; i <= lineNum; i++) {
drowLine(g);
}
// 绘制随机字符
g.setFont(new Font(FONT_NAME, Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, FONT_SIZE));
for (int i = 1; i <= strNum; i++) {
randomCode.append(drowString(g, i));
}
g.dispose();
return image;
}
/**
*
* 给定范围获得随机颜色
*/
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
/**
*
* 绘制字符串
*/
private String drowString(Graphics g, int i) {
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random
.nextInt(121)));
String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(RANDOM_STRS
.length())));
g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
g.drawString(rand, 13 * i, 16);
return rand;
}
/**
*
* 绘制干扰线
*/
private void drowLine(Graphics g) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int x0 = random.nextInt(16);
int y0 = random.nextInt(16);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + x0, y + y0);
}
/**
*
* 获取随机的字符
*/
private String getRandomString(int num) {
return String.valueOf(RANDOM_STRS.charAt(num));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CaptchaUtil tool = new CaptchaUtil();
StringBuffer code = new StringBuffer();
BufferedImage image = tool.genRandomCodeImage(code);
System.out.println(">>> random code =: " + code);
try {
// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", new FileOutputStream(new File(
"random-code.jpg")));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
web.xml中定义的servlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>CaptchaServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>真实路径.CaptchaServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>CaptchaServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/captchaCode</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
Servlet定义的类:
public class CaptchaServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -124247581620199710L;
public static final String KEY_CAPTCHA = "SE_KEY_MM_CODE";
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 不缓存此内容
resp.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
resp.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
try {
HttpSession session = req.getSession();
CaptchaUtil tool = new CaptchaUtil();
StringBuffer code = new StringBuffer();
BufferedImage image = tool.genRandomCodeImage(code);
session.removeAttribute(KEY_CAPTCHA);
session.setAttribute(KEY_CAPTCHA, code.toString());
// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", resp.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
login.jsp中的js
function refreshCaptcha() {
var _captcha_id = document.getElementById("img_captcha");
_captcha_id.src="servlet/captchaCode?t=" + Math.random();
}
jsp页面:
<tr>
<td valign="middle"><input type="text" id="captcha" name="captcha" size="4" maxlength="4" class="required" />
</td>
<td valign="middle" align="right"><img title="点击更换" id="img_captcha" οnclick="javascript:refreshCaptcha();" src="servlet/captchaCode"></td>
</tr>