关于Android shader 着色器

1.shader

在绘图过程中,着色器是返回颜色水平范围的对象的基类。在paint中调用setShader（shader）方法
设置一个shader的子类 ， 之后任何对象（位图除外）使用该颜料绘制的颜色将从着色器中获取。

/**
 * Shader is the base class for objects that return horizontal spans of colors
 * during drawing. A subclass of Shader is installed in a Paint calling
 * paint.setShader(shader). After that any object (other than a bitmap) that is
 * drawn with that paint will get its color(s) from the shader.
 */
public class Shader {
	...

	 public enum TileMode {
        /**
         * Replicate the edge color if the shader draws outside of its
         * original bounds.
         */
        CLAMP   (0),
        /**
         * Repeat the shader's image horizontally and vertically.
         */
        REPEAT  (1),
        /**
         * Repeat the shader's image horizontally and vertically, alternating
         * mirror images so that adjacent images always seam.
         */
        MIRROR(2),
        /**
         * Render the shader's image pixels only within its original bounds. If the shader
         * draws outside of its original bounds, transparent black is drawn instead.
         */
        DECAL(3);
		...
    }
}

TileMode ：着色器的平铺模式

CLAMP:如果着色器超出原始边界，超出的部分用着色器的边缘颜色
REPEAT ：如果着色器超出原始边界，复制着色器的图片，包含横向或者竖向
MIRROR：镜像着色器的内容，倒影形式
DECAL：渲染着色器原本边界的图像像素，如果超出，绘制黑色透明

shader有几个子类：

2.LinearGradient

Create a shader that draws a linear gradient along a line.

LinearGradient 属于shader的子类，实现了线性着色的逻辑。且可以绘制多个点，不同的方向来着色。
float x0, float y0：起点坐标
float x1, float y1：终点坐标
int[] colors：颜色集，如果多个颜色，默认平分绘制
float[] positions:颜色绘制的比例 范围：0-1
TileMode tile：绘制的类型；

 public LinearGradient(float x0, float y0, float x1, float y1, @NonNull @ColorInt int[] colors,
            @Nullable float[] positions, @NonNull TileMode tile) {
        this(x0, y0, x1, y1, convertColors(colors), positions, tile,
                ColorSpace.get(ColorSpace.Named.SRGB));
    }

CLAMP

组件宽度为充满
着色器的宽度为mTranslate + shimer_width = 100

   <com.lll.testshimmer.LinearGradientView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_margin="22dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        />

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        int[] mColors = {Color.YELLOW, Color.BLUE, Color.RED};
        LinearGradient linearGradient =
                new LinearGradient(mTranslate, 0, mTranslate + shimer_width, 0,
                        mColors,
                        new float[]{0f, 0.5f, 1.0f},
                        Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
//                        Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
        mPaint.setShader(linearGradient);
        canvas.drawRect(mTranslate, 0, getWidth(), getHeight(), mPaint);
    }

REPEAT

直译：重复。效果图里，着色器会重复着色

MIRROR

MIRROR和REPEAT 相反

DECAL

需要sdk 31(android 12 )
目前测试无效果

3.BitmapShader

bitmap:位图对象
tileX: x轴的tile模式
tileY:y轴的tile模式

BitmapShader (Bitmap bitmap, 
                Shader.TileMode tileX, 
                Shader.TileMode tileY)

@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
    super.onDraw(canvas);
    int w = getWidth();
    int h = getHeight();

    Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.yourname);
    mShader = new BitmapShader(bmp, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
    mPaint.setShader(mShader);
    canvas.drawRect(0,0,w,h,mPaint);
 }

4.RadialGradient

环形着色器

RadialGradient (float centerX, 
                float centerY, 
                float radius, 
                int centerColor, 
                int edgeColor, 
                Shader.TileMode tileMode)

//centerX  圆心的X坐标
//centerY  圆心的Y坐标
//radius   圆的半径
//centerColor  中心颜色
//edgeColor   边缘颜色
//tileMode   这个不用介绍了吧？

5.SweepGradient

顺时针扫描 着色器

SweepGradient (float cx, 
                float cy, 
                int color0, 
                int color1)
 //cx cy 为绘制的起点坐标               
//color0是起始颜色
//color1是终止颜色

6.ComposeShader

混合着色器，就是同时有多种着色器绘制

 Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.repeat);
        Bitmap result = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bmp,w,h,false);
        //1. 编写1个BitmapShader.
        BitmapShader bitmapShader = new BitmapShader(result, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);

        //2. 编写1个RadiasGradient。
        RadialGradient radialGradient = new RadialGradient(radius,radius,radius,Color.BLACK,Color.TRANSPARENT, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
        //3. 将它们进行混合产生新的Shader.
        ComposeShader composeShader = new ComposeShader(bitmapShader,radialGradient,new PorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN));

        mPaint.setShader(composeShader);
        //4. 以新的Shader绘制一个圆。
        canvas.drawCircle(w/2,h/2,radius,mPaint);

参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/briblue/article/details/53694042