虽然JPA开发大多使用hibernate规范来进行,但是和spring整合这一块却存在明显的差异,先来看下spring整合jpa的重要配置
<context:annotation-config />
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="showSql" value="false" /></bean>
</property>
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 如果没有数据源可以使用如下配置 -->
<!-- <bean id="entityManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="mengya"></property>
</bean> -->
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
看到这里相信不用我多解释大家应该能明白了,如果使用这种方式要注意src下面必须存在META-INF文件夹且下面还应该放一个persistence.xml,这个xml文件内容大致如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version="1.0">
<!-- name属性随意-->
<persistence-unit name="springmvc" />
</persistence>
接下来就是数据源了,我习惯使用dbcp的数据源配置大致如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/exercise?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
<!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="1" />
<!-- 连接池的最大值 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="500" />
<!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后,连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分,一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="2" />
<!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时,连接池就会预申请去一些连接,以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="1" />
</bean>
</beans>
spring整合了jpa之后相应的dao的写法也会发生变化,来看下这两个方法
@PersistenceContext private EntityManager entityManager = null;
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)
public void save(User u) {
entityManager.persist(u);
}
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)
public void updateUser(User u) {
entityManager.merge(u);
}
相比hibernate只是把sessionfactory换成了EntityManager,相应的crud操作就使用entityManager调用相应的方法就OK了。为了调试方便顺道把日志的配置贴出来
#
# Log4J Settings for log4j 1.2.x (via jakarta-commons-logging)
#
# The five logging levels used by Log are (in order):
#
# 1. DEBUG (the least serious)
# 2. INFO
# 3. WARN
# 4. ERROR
# 5. FATAL (the most serious)
# Set root logger level to WARN and append to stdout
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
#info
#DEBUG
#ERROR
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
#log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.stdout.File=d:\\logs.log
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
# Pattern to output the caller's file name and line number.
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %5p (%c:%L) - %m%n
# Print only messages of level ERROR or above in the package noModule.
log4j.logger.noModule=ERROR
# OpenSymphony Stuff
log4j.logger.com.opensymphony=ERROR
log4j.logger.freemarker=ERROR
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=DEBUG
#org.hibernate.SQL
#org.hibernate.type
#org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl
#org.hibernate.pretty
#org.hibernate.cache
#org.hibernate.transaction
#org.hibernate.jdbc
#org.hibernate.hql.AST
#org.hibernate.secure
# Spring Stuff
log4j.logger.org.springframework=ERROR