ArrayList线程不安全-笔记

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-24 08:51:47 发布

chenyi406

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-24 08:51:47 发布

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List list = new ArrayList()；
实际上底层new了一个Object类型的数组。数组的初始大小为10，当list的大小超过10的时候会进行扩容，扩容大小为原值的一半。拷贝的方法用的Arrays.copyOf(araryNew, araryNew.length)方法。

ArrayList在多线程下不安全。会出现java.util.ConcurrentModificationnException异常。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
 * @author chenyi
 * Create on 2019/11/12
 */
public class TestArrayList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                list.add(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
                System.out.println(list);
            }, "A").start();
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

Exception in thread "A" Exception in thread "A" Exception in thread "A" [null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8]
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6, bf88ac5a-50cf-408c-8e21-8a47bd9f74fc, 407b2fa7-bb97-4489-bec3-26fce8e29eb2, 3093ccf3-5a85-4fcd-bbc4-452eb2e79e95]
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6]
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6, bf88ac5a-50cf-408c-8e21-8a47bd9f74fc]
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.checkForComodification(ArrayList.java:909)
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.next(ArrayList.java:859)
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6, bf88ac5a-50cf-408c-8e21-8a47bd9f74fc, 407b2fa7-bb97-4489-bec3-26fce8e29eb2]
	at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:461)
	at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6]
	at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
	at TestArrayList.lambda$main$0(TestArrayList.java:15)
[null, 43cb352a-de6c-4dec-945e-fedc9e28a185, d637a16e-0394-4a61-935f-3f855fe39680, adee781d-dd47-4878-8e79-cd089f01fdf4, 92ebd810-86e9-460c-a856-2c89fff297c8, be3ee913-6791-4857-a12b-51d41a802df6, bf88ac5a-50cf-408c-8e21-8a47bd9f74fc, 407b2fa7-bb97-4489-bec3-26fce8e29eb2, 3093ccf3-5a85-4fcd-bbc4-452eb2e79e95, 4d65a6bb-23f8-4f38-96ec-4579fe1d6248]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.checkForComodification(ArrayList.java:909)
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.next(ArrayList.java:859)
	at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:461)
	at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
	at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
	at TestArrayList.lambda$main$0(TestArrayList.java:15)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.checkForComodification(ArrayList.java:909)
	at java.util.ArrayList$Itr.next(ArrayList.java:859)
	at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:461)
	at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
	at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
	at TestArrayList.lambda$main$0(TestArrayList.java:15)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

故障现象:
java.util.ConcurrentModificationnException
故障原因:
多线程并发争抢同一个资源类并且没有加锁。
解决方法:
1.new Vector<>();
2.Collections.synchronize(new ArrayListy<>());
3.new CopyOnWriteArrayList();
写时复制:
CopyOnWrite容器即写时复制容器，往一个容器添加元素的时候，不直接往当前的容器Object[]添加，而是先将当前容器Object[]进行Copy,复制出一个新的容器Object[],然后新的容器Object[]中添加元素,添加完元素之后,再将原容器的引用指向新的容器 setArray(new Elements);这样做的好处是可以对CopyOnWrite容器进行并发的读,而不需要加锁,因为当前容器不会添加任何元素,所以CopyOnWrite容器也是一种读写分离的思想,读和写不同的容器.