当java虚拟机启动的时候,会启动很多内部的线程,这些线程主要在thread.cpp里的create_vm方法体里实现
而在thread.cpp里主要起了2个线程来处理信号相关的
JvmtiExport::enter_live_phase();
// Signal Dispatcher needs to be started before VMInit event is posted
os::signal_init();
// Start Attach Listener if +StartAttachListener or it can't be started lazily
if (!DisableAttachMechanism) {
if (StartAttachListener || AttachListener::init_at_startup()) {
AttachListener::init();
}
}
1. Signal Dispatcher 线程
在os.cpp中的signal_init()函数中,启动了signal dispatcher 线程,对signal dispather 线程主要是用于处理信号,等待信号并且分发处理,可以详细看signal_thread_entry的方法
static void signal_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
os::set_priority(thread, NearMaxPriority);
while (true) {
int sig;
{
// FIXME : Currently we have not decieded what should be the status
// for this java thread blocked here. Once we decide about
// that we should fix this.
sig = os::signal_wait();
}
if (sig == os::sigexitnum_pd()) {
// Terminate the signal thread
return;
}
switch (sig) {
case SIGBREAK: {
// Check if the signal is a trigger to start the Attach Listener - in that
// case don't print stack traces.
if (!DisableAttachMechanism && AttachListener::is_init_trigger()) {
continue;
}
// Print stack traces
// Any SIGBREAK operations added here should make sure to flush
// the output stream (e.g. tty->flush()) after output. See 4803766.
// Each module also prints an extra carriage return after its output.
VM_PrintThreads op;
VMThread::execute(&op);
VM_PrintJNI jni_op;
VMThread::execute(&jni_op);
VM_FindDeadlocks op1(tty);
VMThread::execute(&op1);
Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK();
if (PrintClassHistogram) {
VM_GC_HeapInspection op1(gclog_or_tty, true /* force full GC before heap inspection */,
true /* need_prologue */);
VMThread::execute(&op1);
}
if (JvmtiExport::should_post_data_dump()) {
JvmtiExport::post_data_dump();
}
break;
}
default: {
// Dispatch the signal to java
HandleMark hm(THREAD);
klassOop k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(vmSymbolHandles::sun_misc_Signal(), THREAD);
KlassHandle klass (THREAD, k);
if (klass.not_null()) {
JavaValue result(T_VOID);
JavaCallArguments args;
args.push_int(sig);
JavaCalls::call_static(
&result,
klass,
vmSymbolHandles::dispatch_name(),
vmSymbolHandles::int_void_signature(),
&args,
THREAD
);
}
if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
// tty is initialized early so we don't expect it to be null, but
// if it is we can't risk doing an initialization that might
// trigger additional out-of-memory conditions
if (tty != NULL) {
char klass_name[256];
char tmp_sig_name[16];
const char* sig_name = "UNKNOWN";
instanceKlass::cast(PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass())->
name()->as_klass_external_name(klass_name, 256);
if (os::exception_name(sig, tmp_sig_name, 16) != NULL)
sig_name = tmp_sig_name;
warning("Exception %s occurred dispatching signal %s to handler"
"- the VM may need to be forcibly terminated",
klass_name, sig_name );
}
CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
}
}
}
}
}
可以看到通过os::signal_wait();等待信号,而在linux里是通过sem_wait()来实现,接受到SIGBREAK(linux 中的QUIT)信号的时候(关于信号处理请参考笔者的另一篇博客:java 中关于信号的处理在linux下的实现),第一次通过调用 AttachListener::is_init_trigger()初始化attach listener线程,详细见2.Attach Listener 线程。
- 第一次收到信号,会开始初始化,当初始化成功,将会直接返回,而且不返回任何线程stack的信息(通过socket file的操作返回),并且第二次将不在需要初始化。如果初始化不成功,将直接在控制台的outputstream中打印线程栈信息。
- 第二次收到信号,如果已经初始化过,将直接在控制台中打印线程的栈信息。如果没有初始化,继续初始化,走和第一次相同的流程。
2. Attach Listener 线程
Attach Listener 线程是负责接收到外部的命令,而对该命令进行执行的并且吧结果返回给发送者。在jvm启动的时候,如果没有指定+StartAttachListener,该线程是不会启动的,刚才我们讨论到了在接受到quit信号之后,会调用 AttachListener::is_init_trigger()通过调用用AttachListener::init()启动了Attach Listener 线程,同时在不同的操作系统下初始化,在linux中 是在attachListener_Linux.cpp文件中实现的。
在linux中如果发现文件.attach_pid#pid存在,才会启动attach listener线程,同时初始化了socket 文件,也就是通常jmap,jstack tool干的事情,先创立attach_pid#pid文件,然后发quit信号,通过这种方式暗式的启动了Attach Listener线程(见博客:http://blog.csdn.net/raintungli/article/details/7023092)。
线程的实现在 attach_listener_thread_entry 方法体中实现
static void attach_listener_thread_entry(JavaThread* thread, TRAPS) {
os::set_priority(thread, NearMaxPriority);
if (AttachListener::pd_init() != 0) {
return;
}
AttachListener::set_initialized();
for (;;) {
AttachOperation* op = AttachListener::dequeue();
if (op == NULL) {
return; // dequeue failed or shutdown
}
ResourceMark rm;
bufferedStream st;
jint res = JNI_OK;
// handle special detachall operation
if (strcmp(op->name(), AttachOperation::detachall_operation_name()) == 0) {
AttachListener::detachall();
} else {
// find the function to dispatch too
AttachOperationFunctionInfo* info = NULL;
for (int i=0; funcs[i].name != NULL; i++) {
const char* name = funcs[i].name;
assert(strlen(name) <= AttachOperation::name_length_max, "operation <= name_length_max");
if (strcmp(op->name(), name) == 0) {
info = &(funcs[i]);
break;
}
}
// check for platform dependent attach operation
if (info == NULL) {
info = AttachListener::pd_find_operation(op->name());
}
if (info != NULL) {
// dispatch to the function that implements this operation
res = (info->func)(op, &st);
} else {
st.print("Operation %s not recognized!", op->name());
res = JNI_ERR;
}
}
// operation complete - send result and output to client
op->complete(res, &st);
}
}
在AttachListener::dequeue(); 在liunx里的实现就是监听刚才创建的socket的文件,如果有请求进来,找到请求对应的操作,调用操作得到结果并把结果写到这个socket的文件,如果你把socket的文件删除,jstack/jmap会出现错误信息 unable to open socket file:........
我们经常使用 kill -3 pid的操作打印出线程栈信息,我们可以看到具体的实现是在Signal Dispatcher 线程中完成的,因为kill -3 pid 并不会创建.attach_pid#pid文件,所以一直初始化不成功,从而线程的栈信息被打印到控制台中。