Linux 系统查看硬件配置信息

Windows下面查看硬件配置信息，通常我们会去下载相关软件，软件会给我们提供非常直观的方式。虽然在Linux下面也有这类的软件，但大家通常不这么做，习惯于使用内置的命令查看。原因大家都知道，因为作为服务器角色的Linux系统通常不会安装GUI桌面的。这些命令其实也很简单，我在这里归纳总结下吧。

一、查看主板
查看主板型号

Code example:

dmidecode -t baseboard SMBIOS 2.4 present.   Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 8 bytes Base Board Information          Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.          Product Name: G41MT-D3    #这是我的主板型号啦          Version:          Serial Number:

查看BIOS信息

Code example:

dmidecode -t bios ...... BIOS Information      Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.      Version: 4.6.5      Release Date: 04 /25/2012      .......      BIOS Revision: 4.6 ......

二、查看CPU
通过lscpu命令查看

Code example:

lscpu Architecture:          x86_64 CPU op -mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit CPU(s):                1 Thread(s) per core:    1 Core(s) per socket:    1 CPU socket(s):         1 NUMA node(s):          1 Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel CPU family:            15 Model:                 4 Stepping:              9 CPU MHz:               2800.135 L1d cache:             16K L2 cache:              256K

查看/proc/cpuinfo文件，获取CPU详细参数。

Code example:

cat /proc/cpuinfo processor       : 0 vendor_id       : GenuineIntel cpu family      : 15 model           : 4 model name      : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 2.80GHz   #CPU型号 stepping        : 9 cpu MHz         : 2800.135 cache size      : 256 KB fpu             : yes fpu_exception   : yes cpuid level     : 5 wp              : yes flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce... bogomips        : 5600.27 clflush size    : 64 cache_alignment : 128 address sizes   : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management:

三、查看内存
内存使用情况

Code example:

free -m               total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached Mem:          1977       1254        722          0        150        564 -/+ buffers /cache :        539       1438 Swap:         3858          0       3858

内存硬件信息

Code example:

dmidecode -t memory SMBIOS 2.7 present.   Handle 0x0008, DMI type 16, 23 bytes Physical Memory Array      Location: System Board Or Motherboard ....      Maximum Capacity: 32 GB ....   Handle 0x000A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes .... Memory Device      Array Handle: 0x0008      Error Information Handle: Not Provided      Total Width: 64 bits      Data Width: 64 bits      Size: 4096 MB .....

四、查看网卡
网卡型号

Code example:

lspci| grep -i 'eth' 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111 /8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)

参数和指标

Code example:

ethtool eth0 Settings for eth0:      Supported ports: [ TP MII ]      Supported link modes:   10baseT /Half 10baseT /Full baseT /Half 100baseT /Full baseT /Half 1000baseT /Full      Supported pause frame use: No      Supports auto-negotiation: Yes      Advertised link modes:  10baseT /Half 10baseT /Full baseT /Half 100baseT /Full baseT /Half 1000baseT /Full      Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only      Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes      Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT /Half 10baseT /Full baseT /Half 100baseT /Full      .....      Speed: 100Mb /s      Duplex: Full      .....      Link detected: yes

五、查看硬盘
挂载和使用情况

Code example:

df -h Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1             323M  148M  159M  49% / tmpfs                 989M     0  989M   0% /lib/init/rw udev                  984M  172K  984M   1% /dev tmpfs                 989M     0  989M   0% /dev/shm /dev/sda9             444G   62G  360G  15% /home /dev/sda8             368M   11M  339M   3% /tmp /dev/sda5             8.3G  1.5G  6.5G  19% /usr /dev/sda6             2.8G  551M  2.1G  21% /var

分区详细信息

Code example:

fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda : 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors /track , 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical /physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I /O size (minimum /optimal ): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0001ef9d       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *           1          43      340992   83  Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2              43       60802   488042497    5  Extended /dev/sda5              43        1137     8787968   83  Linux /dev/sda6            1137        1502     2928640   83  Linux /dev/sda7            1502        1994     3951616   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda8            1994        2043      389120   83  Linux /dev/sda9            2043       60802   471981056   83  Linux