hibernate映射关系理解

　　最近看了下hibernate的映射关系,看了网上的许多介绍,感觉比较复杂.个人在用的过程中认为所有的关系都认为1:n(n>=1).搞不懂为什么会有那么多复杂的映射关系,可能对hibernate的工作原理理解的还不是太透彻.

　　下面是个人关于雇员和部门学习的一个简单示例:

CREATE TABLE `employee` (
   `empid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `ename` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
   `deptid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (`empid`),
   KEY `deptid` (`deptid`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREM

    CREATE TABLE `department` (
   `deptid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `dname` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
   `location` varchar(40) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (`deptid`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk

Employee.java类
package com.bean;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author chen
 *
 */
public class Employee implements Serializable {
 private Integer empid;
 private Department department;
 private String ename;

 /** default constructor */
 public Employee()
 {
 }

 /** full constructor */
 public Employee(Department department, String ename)
 {
  this.department = department;
  this.ename = ename;
 }
 public Integer getEmpid() {
  return empid;
 }

 public void setEmpid(Integer empid) {
  this.empid = empid;
 }

 public Department getDepartment() {
  return department;
 }

 public void setDepartment(Department department) {
  this.department = department;
 }

 public String getEname() {
  return ename;
 }

 public void setEname(String ename) {
  this.ename = ename;
 }
}

Employee.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
 <class name="com.bean.Employee" table="employee">
  <id name="empid" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="empid" />
            <generator class="identity" />
        </id>
        <property name="ename" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ename" length="20" />
        </property>
  <many-to-one name="department" class="com.bean.Department" cascade="save-update">
            <column name="deptid" />
        </many-to-one>
 </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Department .java类

package com.bean;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @ *
 */
public class Department implements Serializable {

 private Integer deptid;
 private String dname;
 private String location;
 private Set employees = new HashSet(0);
 public Department()
 {
 }
 /** full constructor */
 public Department(String dname, String location, Set employees)
 {
  this.dname = dname;
  this.location = location;
  this.employees = employees;
 }
 public Integer getDeptid() {
  return deptid;
 }
 public void setDeptid(Integer deptid) {
  this.deptid = deptid;
 }
 public String getDname() {
  return dname;
 }
 public void setDname(String dname) {
  this.dname = dname;
 }
 public String getLocation() {
  return location;
 }
 public void setLocation(String location) {
  this.location = location;
 }
 public Set getEmployees() {
  return employees;
 }
 public void setEmployees(Set employees) {
  this.employees = employees;
 }
}

Department.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
 <class name="com.bean.Department" table="department">
        <id name="deptid" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="deptid" />
            <generator class="identity" />
        </id>
        <property name="dname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="dname" length="20" />
        </property>
        <property name="location" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="location" length="40" />
        </property>
        <set name="employees" cascade="save-update">
            <key>
                <column name="deptid" />
            </key>
            <one-to-many class="com.bean.Employee" />
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
 <session-factory>
  <!-- 数据库连接设置-->
  <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
  <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property>
  <property name="connection.username">root</property>
  <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
  <!-- 方言（dialect）的property元素指明Hibernate 生成的特定SQL变量 -->
  <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
  <!-- 显示sql语句-->
  <property name="show_sql">true</property>
  <mapping resource="com/bean/Employee.hbm.xml" />
  <mapping resource="com/bean/Department.hbm.xml" />
 </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

 

测试类:

package com.app;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.bean.Department;
import com.bean.Employee;
import com.factory.HibernateSessionFactory;

public class Test
{
 // 演示hibernate session 的save()
 public void testSaveEmp()
 {
  Employee emp1 = new Employee();
  emp1.setEname("kaka");
  
  Employee emp2 = new Employee();
  emp2.setEname("peter2");
  
  Department dept1 = new Department();
  dept1.setDname("管理部");
  
  emp1.setDepartment(dept1);
  emp2.setDepartment(dept1);
  
  Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
  Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
  session.save(emp1);
  session.save(emp2);
  tx.commit();
  HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
 }
 public void testSaveDept()
 {
  Employee emp1 = new Employee();
  emp1.setEname("king");
  
  Employee emp2 = new Employee();
  emp2.setEname("peter");
  
  Department dept1 = new Department();
  dept1.setDname("设计部");
  dept1.getEmployees().add(emp1);
  dept1.getEmployees().add(emp2);
  
  Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
  Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
  session.save(dept1);
  tx.commit();
  HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
 }

 /**
  * @param args
  */
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  Test t = new Test();
  t.testSaveDept();
 }
}

 

参考:http://developer.51cto.com/art/201004/194601_1.htm