MeasureSpec介绍及使用详解

一个MeasureSpec封装了父布局传递给子布局的布局要求，每个MeasureSpec代表了一组宽度和高度的要求。一个MeasureSpec由大小和模式组成。它有三种模式：UNSPECIFIED(未指定),父元素部队自元素施加任何束缚，子元素可以得到任意想要的大小；EXACTLY(完全)，父元素决定自元素的确切大小，子元素将被限定在给定的边界里而忽略它本身大小；AT_MOST(至多)，子元素至多达到指定大小的值。

 

　　它常用的三个函数：

　　1.static int getMode(int measureSpec):根据提供的测量值(格式)提取模式(上述三个模式之一)

　　2.static int getSize(int measureSpec):根据提供的测量值(格式)提取大小值(这个大小也就是我们通常所说的大小)

　　3.static int makeMeasureSpec(int size,int mode):根据提供的大小值和模式创建一个测量值(格式)

　　这个类的使用呢，通常在view组件的onMeasure方法里面调用但也有少数例外，看看几个例子：

 

　　a.首先一个我们常用到的一个有用的函数，View.resolveSize(int size,int measureSpec)

 /**
     * Version of {@link #resolveSizeAndState(int, int, int)}
     * returning only the {@link #MEASURED_SIZE_MASK} bits of the result.
     */
    public static int resolveSize(int size, int measureSpec) {
        return resolveSizeAndState(size, measureSpec, 0) & MEASURED_SIZE_MASK;
    }

    /**
     * Utility to reconcile a desired size and state, with constraints imposed
     * by a MeasureSpec.  Will take the desired size, unless a different size
     * is imposed by the constraints.  The returned value is a compound integer,
     * with the resolved size in the {@link #MEASURED_SIZE_MASK} bits and
     * optionally the bit {@link #MEASURED_STATE_TOO_SMALL} set if the resulting
     * size is smaller than the size the view wants to be.
     *
     * @param size How big the view wants to be
     * @param measureSpec Constraints imposed by the parent
     * @return Size information bit mask as defined by
     * {@link #MEASURED_SIZE_MASK} and {@link #MEASURED_STATE_TOO_SMALL}.
     */
    public static int resolveSizeAndState(int size, int measureSpec, int childMeasuredState) {
        int result = size;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize =  MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
        switch (specMode) {
        case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            result = size;
            break;
        case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
            if (specSize < size) {
                result = specSize | MEASURED_STATE_TOO_SMALL;
            } else {
                result = size;
            }
            break;
        case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            result = specSize;
            break;
        }
        return result | (childMeasuredState&MEASURED_STATE_MASK);
    }

上面既然要用到measureSpec值，那自然表示这个函数通常是在onMeasure方法里面调用的。简单说一下，这个方法的主要作用就是根据你提供的大小和模式，返回你想要的大小值，这个里面根据传入模式的不同来做相应的处理。

　　再看看MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec方法，实际上这个方法很简单：

        public static int makeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode) {
            if (sUseBrokenMakeMeasureSpec) {
                return size + mode;
            } else {
                return (size & ~MODE_MASK) | (mode & MODE_MASK);
            }
        }

这样大家不难理解size跟measureSpec区别了。看看它的使用吧,ListView.measureItem(View child)

  /**
     * Measure a particular list child.
     * TODO: unify with setUpChild.
     * @param child The child.
     */
    private void measureItem(View child) {
        ViewGroup.LayoutParams p = child.getLayoutParams();
        if (p == null) {
            p = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        }

        int childWidthSpec = ViewGroup.getChildMeasureSpec(mWidthMeasureSpec,
                mListPadding.left + mListPadding.right, p.width);
        int lpHeight = p.height;
        int childHeightSpec;
        if (lpHeight > 0) {
            childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(lpHeight, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
        } else {
            childHeightSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
        }
        child.measure(childWidthSpec, childHeightSpec);
    }

measureSpec方法通常在ViewGroup中用到，它可以根据模式(MeasureSpec里面的三个)可以调节子元素的大小。

　　注意，使用EXACTLY和AT_MOST通常是一样的效果，如果你要区别他们，那么你就要使用上面的函数View.resolveSize(int size,int measureSpec)返回一个size值，然后使用你的view调用setMeasuredDimension(int,int)函数。

 /**
     * <p>This method must be called by {@link #onMeasure(int, int)} to store the
     * measured width and measured height. Failing to do so will trigger an
     * exception at measurement time.</p>
     *
     * @param measuredWidth The measured width of this view.  May be a complex
     * bit mask as defined by {@link #MEASURED_SIZE_MASK} and
     * {@link #MEASURED_STATE_TOO_SMALL}.
     * @param measuredHeight The measured height of this view.  May be a complex
     * bit mask as defined by {@link #MEASURED_SIZE_MASK} and
     * {@link #MEASURED_STATE_TOO_SMALL}.
     */
    protected final void setMeasuredDimension(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight) {
        boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
        if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
            Insets insets = getOpticalInsets();
            int opticalWidth  = insets.left + insets.right;
            int opticalHeight = insets.top  + insets.bottom;

            measuredWidth  += optical ? opticalWidth  : -opticalWidth;
            measuredHeight += optical ? opticalHeight : -opticalHeight;
        }
        mMeasuredWidth = measuredWidth;
        mMeasuredHeight = measuredHeight;

        mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET;
    }

　　然后你调用view.getMeasuredWidth，view.getMeasuredHeigth 返回的就是上面函数里的mMeasuredWidth,mMeasuredHeight的值。