java服务中整合了spring,在Eclipse里本地启动时没问题,但是部署到局域网linux服务器上时解析spring applicationContext.xml报错,具体报错信息如下:
org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/context]
关于这个问题,纠结了我大半天时间,网上的资料也是众说纷纭,有的说是spring版本不统一、有些说是缺少对应的spring依赖的。不过这些原因都被我逐一排除了。
功夫不负有心人,在仔细地对比和排查原因之后,发现了问题的所在,在我的jar包下的META-INF目录下,有两个跟spring相关的文件:spring.handlers、spring.schemas,打开这两个文件一看,里面都只包含了spring-tx的配置
spring.handlers:
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx=org.springframework.transaction.config.TxNamespaceHandler
spring.schemas:
http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http\://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
里面并没有spring-context的schema和handler配置,所以会报错。
那么问题的根源是什么呢,在stackoverflow上找到了答案:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1937767/spring-3-0-unable-to-locate-spring-namespacehandler-for-xml-schema-namespace
因为我使用了maven-shade-plugin这个maven打包插件,主要原因是插件配置不当导致,我原来的配置如下:
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> <version> 1.7.1</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>shade</goal> </goals> <configuration> <transformers> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> <mainClass>com.chenzhou.test.Main</mainClass> </transformer> </transformers> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
由于没有配置META-INF/spring.handlers和META-INF/spring.schemas所以如果工程中依赖了Spring的多个依赖,在打包时后面的会把前面的覆盖,使得这两个文件中永远只保存最后一个spring依赖的schema和handler。
解决方法就是在里面加上META-INF/spring.handlers和META-INF/spring.schemas的配置:
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> <version> 1.7.1</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>shade</goal> </goals> <configuration> <transformers> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource> </transformer> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource> </transformer> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> <mainClass>com.chenzhou.test.Main</mainClass> </transformer> </transformers> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
和第一段配置对比,主要增加了:
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource> </transformer> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource> </transformer>
这段配置意思是把spring.handlers和spring.schemas文件以append方式加入到构建的jar包中。
修改完后,再次打包,此时就会把工程依赖的所有的spring依赖的schema和handler都加载到spring.handlers和spring.schemas里面。加载applicationContext.xml时就不会报错了。
关于maven-shade-plugin的使用,可以参考我另外一篇博文:使用maven插件对java工程进行打包