前言
之前这个博客碰到了一些问题比如在获取mMediaRecorder.getSurface();的时候老实提示没有初始化导致报错。然后个人因为业务也没需求要Camera2录像,所以一直没有深究。但是最近有大神(感谢利工)指出其实是因为之前用这个行代码设置
这行代码有一个大问题我一致没有注意到,这个MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA 属性其实是给Camera1使用的。
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
需要修改成Camera2的
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE);
这个在官方注释里也有说明,如下
public final class VideoSource {
/* Do not change these values without updating their counterparts
* in include/media/mediarecorder.h!
*/
private VideoSource() {}
public static final int DEFAULT = 0;
/** Camera video source
* <p>
* Using the {@link android.hardware.Camera} API as video source.
* </p>
*/
public static final int CAMERA = 1;
/** Surface video source
* <p>
* Using a Surface as video source.
* </p><p>
* This flag must be used when recording from an
* {@link android.hardware.camera2} API source.
* </p><p>
* When using this video source type, use {@link MediaRecorder#getSurface()}
* to retrieve the surface created by MediaRecorder.
*/
public static final int SURFACE = 2;
}
现在主要问题解决了,我在详细讲解如何使用Camera2配合MediaRecorder录制视频
详解部分
需要的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/><!--音频录制权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/><!--摄像头权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><!--存储权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
Xml布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MedioRecorderCamera2Activity">
<TextureView
android:id="@+id/textureview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_start"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="开始"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_finish"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="结束"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
代码部分
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Camera;
import android.graphics.ImageFormat;
import android.graphics.SurfaceTexture;
import android.hardware.camera2.CameraAccessException;
import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCaptureSession;
import android.hardware.camera2.CameraCharacteristics;
import android.hardware.camera2.CameraDevice;
import android.hardware.camera2.CameraManager;
import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureFailure;
import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureRequest;
import android.hardware.camera2.CaptureResult;
import android.hardware.camera2.TotalCaptureResult;
import android.hardware.camera2.params.StreamConfigurationMap;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Size;
import android.view.Surface;
import android.view.TextureView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
public class MedioRecorderCamera2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = MedioRecorderCamera2Activity.class.getSimpleName();
private Button mBtnStatr,mBtnFinish;
private TextureView mTextureView;
private CameraManager mCameraManager;
private CameraDevice mCameraDevice;
private CameraCaptureSession mCameraCaptureSession;
private CameraDevice.StateCallback mCameraDeviceStateCallback;
private CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback mSessionStateCallback;
private CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback mSessionCaptureCallback;
private CaptureRequest.Builder mPreviewCaptureRequest;
private CaptureRequest.Builder mRecorderCaptureRequest;
private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
private String mCurrentSelectCamera;
private Handler mChildHandler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_medio_recorder_camera2);
mTextureView = findViewById(R.id.textureview);
mBtnStatr = findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
mBtnFinish = findViewById(R.id.btn_finish);
initClickListener();
initChildHandler();
initTextureViewStateListener();
initMediaRecorder();
initCameraDeviceStateCallback();
initSessionStateCallback();
initSessionCaptureCallback();
}
private void initClickListener(){
mBtnStatr.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
config();
startRecorder();
}
});
mBtnFinish.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
stopRecorder();
}
});
}
/**
* 初始化TextureView的纹理生成监听,只有纹理生成准备好了。我们才能去进行摄像头的初始化工作让TextureView接收摄像头预览画面
*/
private void initTextureViewStateListener(){
mTextureView.setSurfaceTextureListener(new TextureView.SurfaceTextureListener() {
@Override
public void onSurfaceTextureAvailable(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) {
//可以使用纹理
initCameraManager();
selectCamera();
openCamera();
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceTextureSizeChanged(SurfaceTexture surface, int width, int height) {
//纹理尺寸变化
}
@Override
public boolean onSurfaceTextureDestroyed(SurfaceTexture surface) {
//纹理被销毁
return false;
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceTextureUpdated(SurfaceTexture surface) {
//纹理更新
}
});
}
/**
* 初始化子线程Handler,操作Camera2需要一个子线程的Handler
*/
private void initChildHandler(){
HandlerThread handlerThread = new HandlerThread("Camera2Demo");
handlerThread.start();
mChildHandler = new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper());
}
/**
* 初始化MediaRecorder
*/
private void initMediaRecorder(){
mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
}
/**
* 配置录制视频相关数据
*/
private void configMediaRecorder(){
File file = new File(getExternalCacheDir(),"demo.mp4");
if (file.exists()){
file.delete();
}
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);//设置音频来源
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE);//设置视频来源
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.DEFAULT);//设置输出格式
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.DEFAULT);//设置音频编码格式,请注意这里使用默认,实际app项目需要考虑兼容问题,应该选择AAC
mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.DEFAULT);//设置视频编码格式,请注意这里使用默认,实际app项目需要考虑兼容问题,应该选择H264
mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(8*1024*1920);//设置比特率 一般是 1*分辨率 到 10*分辨率 之间波动。比特率越大视频越清晰但是视频文件也越大。
mMediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(30);//设置帧数 选择 30即可, 过大帧数也会让视频文件更大当然也会更流畅,但是没有多少实际提升。人眼极限也就30帧了。
Size size = getMatchingSize2();
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSize(size.getWidth(),size.getHeight());
mMediaRecorder.setOrientationHint(90);
Surface surface = new Surface(mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture());
mMediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(surface);
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(file.getAbsolutePath());
try {
mMediaRecorder.prepare();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 重新配置录制视频时的CameraCaptureSession
*/
private void config(){
try {
mCameraCaptureSession.stopRepeating();//停止预览,准备切换到录制视频
mCameraCaptureSession.close();//关闭预览的会话,需要重新创建录制视频的会话
mCameraCaptureSession = null;
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
configMediaRecorder();
Size cameraSize = getMatchingSize2();
SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();
surfaceTexture.setDefaultBufferSize(cameraSize.getWidth(),cameraSize.getHeight());
Surface previewSurface = new Surface(surfaceTexture);
Surface recorderSurface = mMediaRecorder.getSurface();//从获取录制视频需要的Surface
try {
mPreviewCaptureRequest = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewCaptureRequest.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewCaptureRequest.addTarget(previewSurface);
mPreviewCaptureRequest.addTarget(recorderSurface);
//请注意这里设置了Arrays.asList(previewSurface,recorderSurface) 2个Surface,很好理解录制视频也需要有画面预览,第一个是预览的Surface,第二个是录制视频使用的Surface
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(previewSurface,recorderSurface),mSessionStateCallback,mChildHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 开始录制视频
*/
private void startRecorder(){
mMediaRecorder.start();
}
/**
* 暂停录制视频(暂停后视频文件会自动保存)
*/
private void stopRecorder(){
mMediaRecorder.stop();
mMediaRecorder.reset();
}
/**
* 初始化Camera2的相机管理,CameraManager用于获取摄像头分辨率,摄像头方向,摄像头id与打开摄像头的工作
*/
private void initCameraManager(){
mCameraManager = (CameraManager)getSystemService(Context.CAMERA_SERVICE);
}
/**
* 选择一颗我们需要使用的摄像头,主要是选择使用前摄还是后摄或者是外接摄像头
*/
private void selectCamera(){
if (mCameraManager != null) {
Log.e(TAG, "selectCamera: CameraManager is null");
}
try {
String[] cameraIdList = mCameraManager.getCameraIdList(); //获取当前设备的全部摄像头id集合
if (cameraIdList.length == 0){
Log.e(TAG, "selectCamera: cameraIdList length is 0");
}
for (String cameraId : cameraIdList){ //遍历所有摄像头
CameraCharacteristics characteristics = mCameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(cameraId);//得到当前id的摄像头描述特征
Integer facing = characteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING); //获取摄像头的方向特征信息
if (facing == CameraCharacteristics.LENS_FACING_BACK){ //这里选择了后摄像头
mCurrentSelectCamera = cameraId;
}
}
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void initCameraDeviceStateCallback(){
mCameraDeviceStateCallback = new CameraDevice.StateCallback() {
@Override
public void onOpened(@NonNull CameraDevice camera) {
//摄像头被打开
try {
mCameraDevice = camera;
Size cameraSize = getMatchingSize2();//计算获取需要的摄像头分辨率
SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture = mTextureView.getSurfaceTexture();//得到纹理
surfaceTexture.setDefaultBufferSize(cameraSize.getWidth(),cameraSize.getHeight());
Surface previewSurface = new Surface(surfaceTexture);
mPreviewCaptureRequest = mCameraDevice.createCaptureRequest(CameraDevice.TEMPLATE_PREVIEW);
mPreviewCaptureRequest.set(CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE, CaptureRequest.CONTROL_AF_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE);
mPreviewCaptureRequest.addTarget(previewSurface);
mCameraDevice.createCaptureSession(Arrays.asList(previewSurface),mSessionStateCallback,mChildHandler);//创建数据捕获会话,用于摄像头画面预览,这里需要等待mSessionStateCallback回调
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onDisconnected(@NonNull CameraDevice camera) {
//摄像头断开
}
@Override
public void onError(@NonNull CameraDevice camera, int error) {
//异常
}
};
}
private void initSessionStateCallback(){
mSessionStateCallback = new CameraCaptureSession.StateCallback() {
@Override
public void onConfigured(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session) {
mCameraCaptureSession = session;
try {
//执行重复获取数据请求,等于一直获取数据呈现预览画面,mSessionCaptureCallback会返回此次操作的信息回调
mCameraCaptureSession.setRepeatingRequest(mPreviewCaptureRequest.build(),mSessionCaptureCallback,mChildHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onConfigureFailed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session) {
}
};
}
private void initSessionCaptureCallback(){
mSessionCaptureCallback = new CameraCaptureSession.CaptureCallback() {
@Override
public void onCaptureStarted(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, @NonNull CaptureRequest request, long timestamp, long frameNumber) {
super.onCaptureStarted(session, request, timestamp, frameNumber);
}
@Override
public void onCaptureProgressed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, @NonNull CaptureRequest request, @NonNull CaptureResult partialResult) {
super.onCaptureProgressed(session, request, partialResult);
}
@Override
public void onCaptureCompleted(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, @NonNull CaptureRequest request, @NonNull TotalCaptureResult result) {
super.onCaptureCompleted(session, request, result);
}
@Override
public void onCaptureFailed(@NonNull CameraCaptureSession session, @NonNull CaptureRequest request, @NonNull CaptureFailure failure) {
super.onCaptureFailed(session, request, failure);
}
};
}
/**
* 打开摄像头,这里打开摄像头后,我们需要等待mCameraDeviceStateCallback的回调
*/
@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")
private void openCamera(){
try {
mCameraManager.openCamera(mCurrentSelectCamera,mCameraDeviceStateCallback,mChildHandler);
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 计算需要的使用的摄像头分辨率
* @return
*/
private Size getMatchingSize2(){
Size selectSize = null;
try {
CameraCharacteristics cameraCharacteristics = mCameraManager.getCameraCharacteristics(mCurrentSelectCamera);
StreamConfigurationMap streamConfigurationMap = cameraCharacteristics.get(CameraCharacteristics.SCALER_STREAM_CONFIGURATION_MAP);
Size[] sizes = streamConfigurationMap.getOutputSizes(ImageFormat.JPEG);
DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = getResources().getDisplayMetrics(); //因为我这里是将预览铺满屏幕,所以直接获取屏幕分辨率
int deviceWidth = displayMetrics.widthPixels; //屏幕分辨率宽
int deviceHeigh = displayMetrics.heightPixels; //屏幕分辨率高
Log.e(TAG, "getMatchingSize2: 屏幕密度宽度="+deviceWidth);
Log.e(TAG, "getMatchingSize2: 屏幕密度高度="+deviceHeigh );
/**
* 循环40次,让宽度范围从最小逐步增加,找到最符合屏幕宽度的分辨率,
* 你要是不放心那就增加循环,肯定会找到一个分辨率,不会出现此方法返回一个null的Size的情况
* ,但是循环越大后获取的分辨率就越不匹配
*/
for (int j = 1; j < 41; j++) {
for (int i = 0; i < sizes.length; i++) { //遍历所有Size
Size itemSize = sizes[i];
Log.e(TAG,"当前itemSize 宽="+itemSize.getWidth()+"高="+itemSize.getHeight());
//判断当前Size高度小于屏幕宽度+j*5 && 判断当前Size高度大于屏幕宽度-j*5 && 判断当前Size宽度小于当前屏幕高度
if (itemSize.getHeight() < (deviceWidth + j*5) && itemSize.getHeight() > (deviceWidth - j*5)) {
if (selectSize != null){ //如果之前已经找到一个匹配的宽度
if (Math.abs(deviceHeigh-itemSize.getWidth()) < Math.abs(deviceHeigh - selectSize.getWidth())){ //求绝对值算出最接近设备高度的尺寸
selectSize = itemSize;
continue;
}
}else {
selectSize = itemSize;
}
}
}
if (selectSize != null){ //如果不等于null 说明已经找到了 跳出循环
break;
}
}
} catch (CameraAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.e(TAG, "getMatchingSize2: 选择的分辨率宽度="+selectSize.getWidth());
Log.e(TAG, "getMatchingSize2: 选择的分辨率高度="+selectSize.getHeight());
return selectSize;
}
}
End