hive本地模式配置，连接mysql数据库--hive2.1.1+hadoop2.7.3+mysql5.7.18

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-12 23:14:56 发布

cheye7968

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-12 23:14:56 发布

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文章标签：大数据数据库 java

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/857422/blog/917779

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1、环境的基本说明

本文使用的是vmware10虚拟机安装unbuntu16.04（64位）环境，机器名为hadoop。

hive2.1.1 ： apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz

connect ： mysql-connector-java-5.1.42.tar.gz

hadoop2.7.3 ：安装配置

2、hive的基本安装

2.1 解压修改权限

解压hive：

        tar -zxvf apache.hive.2.1.1.    -C /usr/local/
        cd /usr/local/  
        mv apache-hive  hive

修改hive的权限和组：

        sudo chmod 777 hive
        sudo chown -R hadoop hive

2.2 配置环境变量

编辑/etc/profile文件，含有jdk、hadoop等的环境变量，hive主要配置了HIVE_HOME和PATH两部分

        export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
        export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
        export CLASSHOME=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
        export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
        export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
        export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
        export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
        export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
        export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
        export HADOOP_INSTALL=$HADOOP_HOME
        export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
        export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native"
        export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
        export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH

使配置生效：

        source /etc/profile

2.3 修改配置文件

生成配置文件，在conf目录下有四个：

        cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
        cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
        cp hive-log4j2.properties.template hive-log4j2.properties
        cp hive-exec-log4j2.properties.template hive-exec-log4j2.properties

vim hive-env.sh：

            # Set HADOOP_HOME to point to a specific hadoop install directory
            export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
            export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64
            export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive
            # Hive Configuration Directory can be controlled by:
            export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/usr/local/hive/conf
            # Folder containing extra ibraries required for hive compilation/execution can be controlled by:
            export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/usr/local/hive/lib

vim hive-site.xml：

            ${system:Java.io.tmpdir}/${hive.session.id}_resources替换为本机路径/tmp/hive/resources 
            ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${system:user.name}/operation_logs替换为本机路径/tmp/hive/operation_logs
            ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${system:user.name}替换为本机路径 /tmp/hive

在本地创建相应的文件：

                cd /tmp
                mkdir hive 
                mkdir hive/operation_logs 
                mkdir hive/resources

2.4 默认的derby数据库的初始化及hive启动

初始化：

         schematool -dbType derby -initSchema  或者 schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema --verbose （可以查看报错信息）

启动hadoop：

         /usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh

启动hive：hive

测试hive：

         hive>create table test(id int,name string);
         hive>describe test;

3、连接mysql数据库

3.1 安装mysql

        sudo apt-get install mysql-server  ：会自动安装mysql-client

3.2 mysql配置hive用户

登录mysql

        mysql -uroot -proot

创建hive用户

        create user 'hive'@'localhost' identified by 'hive'；

创建hive数据库

        create database hive;
        alter database hive character set latin1;

对hive用户赋予权限

        grant all on hive.* to hive@'%'  identified by 'hive';
        grant all on hive.* to hive@'localhost'  identified by 'hive';

查看权限记录

         show grants for hive@'localhost';

刷新权限

        flush privileges;

3.3 mysql-connect

        sudo cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.42.tar.gz /usr/local/hive/lib/

3.4 修改hive-site.xml文件，配置mysql的连接属性

vim hive-site.xml只修改下面的内容，其余不用修改

<configuration>
	<property>
		<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
		<value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
		<description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.metastore.local</name>hive_db
		<value>true</value>
		<description>Use false if a production metastore server is used</description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>
		<value>/tmp/hive</value>
		<description>HDFS root scratch dir for Hive jobs which gets created with write all (733) permission. For each connecting user, an HDFS scratch dir: ${hive.exec.scratchdir}/<username> is created, with ${hive.scratch.dir.permission}.</description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
		<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNoExist=true&amp;useSSL=false</value>
		<description> Roy
      JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore.
      To use SSL to encrypt/authenticate the connection, provide database-specific SSL flag in the connection URL.
      For example, jdbc:postgresql://myhost/db?ssl=true for postgres database.
    </description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
		<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
		<description>User-Defined(Roy) Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
		<value>hive</value>
		<description>User-defined(Roy)Username to use against metastore database</description>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
		<value>hive</value>
		<description>User-defined(Roy)password to use against metastore database</description>
	</property>
</configuration>

3.5 初始化并运行

初始化mysql

        schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

运行hive：hive

4、遇到的问题

4.1 Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

问题描述

    SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
    SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/local/hive/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
    SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
    SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
    SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
    Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Couldn't create directory ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${hive.session.id}_resources
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.util.ResourceDownloader.ensureDirectory(ResourceDownloader.java:126)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.util.ResourceDownloader.<init>(ResourceDownloader.java:48)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.java:390)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.java:363)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliSessionState.<init>(CliSessionState.java:60)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:663)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:641)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

解决方法：两个log4j冲突了，使用hadoop的，将hive的删除

    rm lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar

4.2 Couldn't create directory ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${hive.session.id}_resources

问题描述

    Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Couldn't create directory ${system:java.io.tmpdir}/${hive.session.id}_resources
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.util.ResourceDownloader.ensureDirectory(ResourceDownloader.java:126)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.util.ResourceDownloader.<init>(ResourceDownloader.java:48)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.java:390)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.<init>(SessionState.java:363)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliSessionState.<init>(CliSessionState.java:60)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:663)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:641)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

解决方法：参照2.3小节hive-site.xml的修改，换成绝对路径

4.3 Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended.

这是因为连接mysql需要使用ssl连接，而我们没有进行相关的配置，可以手动设置为不使用ssl连接，在hive-site.xml中修改mysql的连接

        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
		<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNoExist=true&amp;useSSL=false</value>

4.4 FUNCTION 'NUCLEUS_ASCII' already exists. (state=X0Y68,code=30000)

当初始化过一次时，schematool -initSchema -dbType --db，再运行时，会因为已经初始化了元数据使得初始化失败，这时需要删除相关的文件：derby删除bin目录下的metastore_db；mysql删除hive数据库中的所有表

5、参考文献

搭建Hadoop2.7.3+Hive2.1.1及MySQL(配置Hive+Hadoop）(二)

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/857422/blog/917779