ANT在J2EE项目中的应用，含预编译JSP和打包WAR/EAR文件

首先，假设我们的项目的结构如下，相同的目录大家可以自行扩展！
${project.root}
  |
  +-- build/           <-- WAR/EAR档的目录
  +-- classes/         <-- 编译的输出目录，与JBuilder兼容
  +-- src/             <-- Java源文件目录
  +-- web/             <-- WEB Content 目录
  |    |
  |    +--pages/       <-- JSP 文件目录
  |    +--WEB-INF/     <-- web.xml 等配置文件
  +-- ejb              <-- EJB Content 目录
  |    |
  |    +--META-INF/    <-- EJB 配置文件
  +-- ear              <-- EAR Content 目录
  |    |
  |    +--META-INF/    <-- EAR 配置文件
  |-- lib              <-- 项目所要用到的library

接下来第一步，就是要先定义好一些全局的参数，以便以后更改起来方便，风格
大家自己选择好了，我用的是如下的方式：

(1) 给出项目的目录：

<!--// project directories //-->
<property name="dir.project" value="D:/Code/MyProject"/>
<property name="dir.project.lib" value="${dir.project}/lib"/>
<property name="dir.project.src" value="${dir.project}/src"/>
<property name="dir.project.web_module" value="${dir.project}/web"/>
<property name="dir.project.ejb_module" value="${dir.project}/ejb"/>
<property name="dir.project.ear_module" value="${dir.project}/ear"/>

<!--// compile, build and deploy directories //-->
<property name="dir.project.compile" value="${dir.project}/classes"/>
<property name="dir.project.compile.jspcache" value="${dir.project.compile}/jspcache"/>
<property name="dir.project.build" value="${dir.project}/build"/>

<!--// J2EE Container //-->
<property name="dir.appserver.tomcat.home" value="D:/J2EE_HOME/AppServer/Tomcat"/>
<property name="dir.appserver.oc4j.j2ee.home" value="D:/J2EE_HOME/AppServer/OC4J/j2ee/home"/>


(2) 定义Java Source的编译选项

 
  <!--// Java compiler options //-->
  <property name="opt.compile.source" value="1.4"/>
  <property name="opt.compile.target" value="1.4"/>
  <property name="opt.compile.encoding" value="UTF-8"/>
  <property name="opt.compile.deprecation" value="on"/>
  <property name="opt.compile.debug" value="on"/>
  <property name="opt.compile.optimize" value="off"/>


(3) 如果需要 import EJB library 的话，给出下面的定义，后面会用到

 
  <!--// EJB imported resource //-->
  <property name="import.ejb.report.server" value="${dir.project.lib}/AppFramework.jar"/>


(4) 给出部署WAR/EAR文件的名称：


<!--// Deployment //-->
<property name="deploy.file.ejb_module" value="MyApp_EJB.jar" />
<property name="deploy.file.web_module" value="MyApp_WEB.war" />
<property name="deploy.file.ear_module" value="MyApp.ear" />


(5) 给出CLASSPATH的定义，引入相关的Library和项目编译生成的Java Classes


  <path id="CLASSPATH">
    <!--// Tomcat Libraries //-->
    <fileset dir="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/bin">
      <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <fileset dir="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/server/lib">
      <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <fileset dir="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/common/lib">
      <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <!--// OC4J Libraries
    <fileset dir="${dir.appserver.oc4j.j2ee.home}">
      <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <fileset dir="${dir.appserver.oc4j.j2ee.home}/lib">
      <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    //-->
    <!--// Depended Libraries //-->
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/abc.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/AppServer.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/AppServiceClient.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/AppUtil.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/xport.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/jaxen-full.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/jstl.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/log4j-1.2.13.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/ojdbc14.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/saxpath.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/standard.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.lib}/taglibs-log.jar"/>
    <!--// Project classes //-->
    <pathelement location="${dir.project.compile}"/>
  </path>


(6) 基本的clean和init的task


<target name="clean">
<delete dir="${dir.project.build}"/>
<delete dir="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"/>
<delete dir="${dir.project.compile}"/>
<delete dir="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<delete dir="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
</target>

<target name="init">
<mkdir dir="${dir.project.compile}"/>
<mkdir dir="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"/>
<mkdir dir="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<mkdir dir="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
<mkdir dir="${dir.project.build}"/>
</target>


(7) 编译Java Source

<target name="src_compile" depends="init">
<!--// compile the Java source //-->
<javac srcdir="${dir.project.src}"
destdir="${dir.project.compile}"
encoding="${opt.compile.encoding}"
source="${opt.compile.source}"
target="${opt.compile.source}"
deprecation="${opt.compile.deprecation}"
debug="${opt.compile.debug}"
optimize="{opt.compile.optimize}" >
<classpath refid="CLASSPATH"/>
<include name="**/*.java"/>
</javac>
<!--// copy the classpath resources //-->
<copy todir="${dir.project.compile}">
<fileset dir="${dir.project.src}">
<exclude name="**/*.java"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
</target>


(8) 预编译JSP文件，可选择基于Tomcat或是Oracle Application Server


  <!--// for Tomcat //-->
  <target name="jsp_src_generate" depends="src_compile">
    <taskdef classname="org.apache.jasper.JspC" name="jasper2">
      <classpath refid="CLASSPATH"/> 
    </taskdef>
    <jasper2 validateXml="false"
             verbose="9"
             uriroot="${dir.project.web_module}"
             outputDir="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
             webXmlFragment="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}/generated-web.xml" />
  </target>
 
  <!--// for OC4J 9.0.4
    <target name="jsp_src_generate" depends="src_compile">
      <java classname="oracle.jsp.tools.Jspc" fork="yes" failοnerrοr="true">
        <classpath refid="CLASSPATH"/>
        <arg line="-extend com.orionserver.http.OrionHttpJspPage"/>
        <arg line="-srcdir ${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"/>
        <arg line="-appRoot ${dir.project.web_module}"/>
        <arg line="-noCompile"/>
        <arg line="-debug"/>
        <arg line="-verbose"/>
        <arg line="${dir.project.web}/*.jsp"/>
      </java>
    </target>
  //-->
 
  <target name="jsp_src_compile">
    <javac srcdir="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
           destdir="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
           encoding="${opt.compile.encoding}"
           source="${opt.compile.source}"
           target="${opt.compile.source}"
           deprecation="${opt.compile.deprecation}"
           debug="${opt.compile.debug}"
           optimize="{opt.compile.optimize}" >
      <classpath refid="CLASSPATH"/>
      <include name="**"/>
    </javac>
  </target>
 
  <target name="jsp_precompile" depends="src_compile, jsp_src_generate, jsp_src_compile" />


(9) 开始进行compile，make 和 build，并生成部署档案


  <target name="compile" depends="src_compile, jsp_precompile" />
 
  <!--// Build WAR file //-->
  <target name="make.web_module" depends="compile">
    <war destfile="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.web_module}" webxml="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/web.xml">
      <fileset dir="${dir.project.web_module}" >
        <include name="**"/>
        <exclude name="WEB-INF/classes/**"/>
        <exclude name="WEB-INF/lib/**"/>
      </fileset>
      <classes dir="${dir.project.compile}">
        <include name="**"/>
        <exclude name="project/package/trx/**"/>
        <exclude name="jspcache/**"/>
      </classes>
      <lib dir="${dir.project.lib}">
        <include name="AppUtil.jar"/>
        <include name="AppClient.jar"/>
      </lib>
    </war>
  </target>

  <!--// Build EJB Jar file //-->
  <target name="make.ejb_module" depends="src_compile">
    <jar destfile="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.ejb_module}">
      <zipgroupfileset dir="${dir.project.lib}">
        <include name="AppServer.jar"/>
      </zipgroupfileset>
      <fileset dir="${dir.project.ejb_module}">
        <include name="**"/>
      </fileset>
      <fileset dir="${dir.project.compile}">
        <include name="**"/>
        <exclude name="project/package/controller/**"/>
        <exclude name="jspcache/**"/>
      </fileset>
    </jar>
  </target>
 
  <!--// Build EAR file //-->
  <target name="make.ear_module" depends="compile, make.web_module, make.ejb_module">
    <ear destfile="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.ear_module}" appxml="${dir.project.ear_module}/META-INF/application.xml">
      <fileset dir="${dir.project.build}">
        <include name="${deploy.file.web_module}"/>
        <include name="${deploy.file.ejb_module}"/>
      </fileset>
    </ear>
  </target>
 
  <target name="make" depends="init, compile, make.web_module, make.ejb_module, make.ear_module" />
 
  <target name="build" depends="clean, init, make" />


好了, 把上面的内容综合起来, 就可以用ant build命令来编译了！