140529 Ruby - codecademy

the Zen of Ruby

||= - conditional asignment, 只在variable为nil时赋值

defind method 可省略return，it will return the result of the last evaluated expression.

.upto() / .downto() - 又一种遍历方法

.next - integer会返回下一个integer

#{ } - string interpolation, 在处理non-string时用

Control flow

case -> when -> when -> else -> end

Array

.push() - （srings也可以用） add an element to the end of an array #可以写成<<

Hash

set default value: Hash.new("default value")

.each_key / .each_value

.delete

Symbol

there's only one copy of any particular symbol at a given time.

用途： hash keys

referencing method names - e.g. [1,2,3].respond_to?(:push)

symbols can't be changed once created

和string转化：.to_sym ( .intern ) , .to_s

*ruby1.9变化：创建hash时写成{one: 1}，不用=>

.select - filter a hash for values that meet certain criteria

Block

blocks are not objects

.collect - returns a copy, dosen't mutate the origin value

yield - 此处运行block中的代码