spring cloud中微服务跟踪Sleuth使用
文章目录
一、简介
在微服务中,各服务间相互调用,为了跟踪服务流程,便于查找问题,sping cloud sleuth提供了服务跟踪功能,结合zipkin,可以对服务调用流程进行查看。
二、使用
2.1 zipkin安装
zipkin是twitter开源的,收集监控数据并提供查询接口,安装方式有多种。
2.1.1 构建zipkin服务
搭建zipkin服务,目前已不推荐,在此略过。
2.1.2 下载jar包安装
在linux中命令如下:
#下载zipkin.jar包
curl -sSL https://zipkin.io/quickstart.sh | bash -s
#运行zipkin.jar包
java -jar zipkin.jar
2.1.3 docker安装
先提安装好docker环境,再运行:
docker run -d -p 9411:9411 openzipkin/zipkin
zipkin安装运行后,在浏览器中使用地址http://localhost:9411进行访问。
2.2 zipkin监控开发步骤
在里以跟踪网关调用为例,在网关中配置zipkin步骤如下:
-
网关application.yaml中添加配置:
spring: application: name: spring-cloud-zuul zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 #监控信息发送地址,即zipkin安装地址 sender: type: web #默认使用http收集
三、示例
这里使用注册中心spring_cloud_register_center、服务spring_cloud_provider、网关spring_cloud_zuul进行示例。
3.1 注册中心
注册中心为spring_cloud_register_center项目。
3.1.1 maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.dragon.study</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_cloud_register_center</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring_cloud_register_center</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.1.2 application.yaml配置
server:
port: 8010
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-register-center
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:${server.port}/eureka/
fetchRegistry: false #是否拉取注册信息,由于注册中心是单个结点,不需要拉取
registerWithEureka: false #是否注册自己,由于当前就是注册中心,帮不需要注册
3.1.3 启动类
package com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_register_center;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class SpringCloudRegisterCenterApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudRegisterCenterApplication.class, args);
}
}
3.2 服务
服务为spring_cloud_provider项目。
3.2.1 maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.dragon.study</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_cloud_provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring_cloud_provider</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.6</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2.2 application.yaml配置
server:
port: 8011
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-provider
eureka:
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true #true表示使用ip注册,若为false,则表示使用系统hostname注册
client:
service-url:
default-zone: http://localhost:8010/eureka/
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: "*"
3.2.3 服务相关类
定义实体bean类Stu.java
package com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_provider.bean;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Stu {
private String stuId;
private Integer age;
}
定义服务controller类StuController.java
package com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_provider.controller;
import com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_provider.bean.Stu;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("stu")
public class StuController {
@RequestMapping("getStu")
private Object getStu(Stu stu) {
System.out.println(stu);
return stu;
}
}
定义启动类SpringCloudProviderApplication.java
package com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_provider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SpringCloudProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
3.3 网关
网关为spring_cloud_zuul项目。
3.3.1 maven依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.dragon.study</groupId>
<artifactId>spring_cloud_zuul</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring_cloud_zuul</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR6</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-sleuth-zipkin</artifactId>
<version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.3.2 application.yaml配置
server:
port: 8013
spring:
application:
name: spring-cloud-zuul
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9411 #监控信息发送地址,即zipkin安装地址
sender:
type: web #默认使用http收集
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8010/eureka/
zuul:
routes:
spring-cloud-provider: /api/** #指定 /api/** 路径请求路由到 spring-cloud-provider 服务
3.3.3 网关相关类
- 定义启动类:
package com.dragon.study.spring_cloud_zuul;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class SpringCloudZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
4.4 测试
依次启动注册中心spring_cloud_register_center、服务spring_cloud_provider、网关spring_cloud_zuul。
测试:
#调用路由服务
GET http://localhost:8013/api/stu/getStu?stuId=001&age=17
Accept: application/json
在浏览器打开地址http://localhost:9411进行监控界面,便可查看上面服务调用的内部流程。
四、备注
监控数据持久化可参考:https://github.com/openzipkin/docker-zipkin