1.准备工作
需要的jar包:common-fileupload.jar 和 common-io.jar
下载地址:
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io
2.前端测试代码
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/fileUpload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br><br>
文件上传:<input type="file" name="upload"><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
这里有几点需要注意的:
1)表单提交方式需要post提交,get提交同样还是普通表单
2)需要个体enctype指定类型enctype=“multipart/form-data”,表示文件上传表单
3)上传文件的input的type类型为file类型
3.后端代码
package com.web.upload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.创建磁盘文件项工厂对象
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);//设置缓冲区大小,单位字节,当上传文件大小超过缓冲区大小会产生临时文件
String tempPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("temp");//获取临时文件夹绝对路径
factory.setRepository(new File(tempPath));//设置临时文件夹
//2.创建文件上传核心类
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
boolean multipartContent = upload.isMultipartContent(request);//是否为文件上传表单,是返回true,不是返回false
if(multipartContent){
//文件上传表单,即enctype="multipart/form-data",request.getParameter相关方法失效,无法获取文件上传表单参数的值
try {
upload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");//防止文件上传乱码
//3.解析request,获取文件项集合
List<FileItem> parseRequest = upload.parseRequest(request);
System.out.println("文件上传表单--------");
//4.遍历文件项集合
for (FileItem fileItem : parseRequest) {
boolean formField = fileItem.isFormField();//文件项是否未表单项,是返回true,不是返回false
if(formField){
//普通表单项
String fieldName = fileItem.getFieldName();//获取表单项的name
String filedValue = fileItem.getString("utf-8");//已utf-8的编码获取表单项的value,防止中文乱码
System.out.println(fieldName+":"+filedValue);
}else{
//文件上传项
String fileName = fileItem.getName();//获取文件名
InputStream in = fileItem.getInputStream();//文件输入流
String path = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");//获取文件存放的绝对目录
File file = new File(path+"/"+fileName);
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);//获取文件输出流
IOUtils.copy(in, out);//拷贝文件到上传目录
in.close();
out.close();
fileItem.delete();//删除临时文件
}
}
} catch (FileUploadException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}else{
//普通表单,还是使用request.getParameter等方法
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
System.out.println("普通表单--------");
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String filename = request.getParameter("upload");
System.out.println("username:"+username+";filename:"+filename);
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}