Mysql的常用操作

更新root密码:

 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot

更改环境变量PATH,增加mysql绝对路径

vim /etc/profile然后在最后面添加这一行mysql的环境变量:  export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
 mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'
 mysql -uroot -p123456
 密码重置
 vi /etc/my.cnf//增加skip-grant
 重启mysql服务 /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
 mysql -uroot
 use mysql;
 update user set password=password('aminglinux') where user='root';

 

首先:vim /etc/profile然后在最后面添加这一行mysql的环境变量:  export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

然后执行  source   /etc/profile   使其生效。

[root@aming01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '1234567'  //设置mysql的密码
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.  //这个只是提示密码显示不安全。
[root@aming01 ~]# mysql -uroot
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@aming01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234567      //-u指定用户,-p指定密码即可登陆

ac354418d3b4f98fabdc8f951fa629f06f7.jpg

Mysql的连接:

 mysql -uroot -p123456
 mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P3306      -h指定远程主机的IP地址进行连接
 mysql -uroot -p123456 -S/tmp/mysql.sock   //使用sock连接MySQL,只适合本机使用。
 mysql -uroot -p123456 -e “show databases”  连接Mysql  并操作命令,

788b1e8178dd932c3a5793020464c8ec946.jpg

 

  查询库 show databases;
 切换库 use mysql;
 查看库里的表 show tables;
 查看表里的字段 desc tb_name;        // tb_name是表名
 查看建表语句 show create table tb_name\G;       
 查看当前用户 select user();
 查看当前使用的数据库 select databsase();

[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p12345678 -e "show databases;"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| aming              |
| db01               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
[root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p12345678
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.6.43-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| aming              |
| db01               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> desc user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Field                  | Type                              | Null | Key | Default               | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Host                   | char(60)                          | NO   | PRI |                       |       |
| User                   | char(16)                          | NO   | PRI |                       |       |
| Password               | char(41)                          | NO   |     |                       |       |
| Select_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Insert_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Update_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Delete_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Drop_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Reload_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Shutdown_priv          | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Process_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| File_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Grant_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| References_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Index_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Alter_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Show_db_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Super_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_tmp_table_priv  | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Lock_tables_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Execute_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Repl_slave_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Repl_client_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_view_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Show_view_priv         | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_routine_priv    | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Alter_routine_priv     | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_user_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Event_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Trigger_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
| ssl_type               | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO   |     |                       |       |
| ssl_cipher             | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| x509_issuer            | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| x509_subject           | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL                  |       |
| max_questions          | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_updates            | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_connections        | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| max_user_connections   | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0                     |       |
| plugin                 | char(64)                          | YES  |     | mysql_native_password |       |
| authentication_string  | text                              | YES  |     | NULL                  |       |
| password_expired       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N                     |       |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
43 rows in set (0.05 sec)

mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user()         |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql      |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table user\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: user
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `User` char(16) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Password` char(41) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `Select_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Insert_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Update_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Delete_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Drop_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Reload_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Shutdown_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Process_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `File_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Grant_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `References_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Index_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Alter_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Show_db_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Super_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_tmp_table_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Lock_tables_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Execute_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Repl_slave_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Repl_client_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Show_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Alter_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_user_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Event_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Trigger_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `Create_tablespace_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `ssl_type` enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `ssl_cipher` blob NOT NULL,
  `x509_issuer` blob NOT NULL,
  `x509_subject` blob NOT NULL,
  `max_questions` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `max_updates` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `max_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `max_user_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT 'mysql_native_password',
  `authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
  `password_expired` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  PRIMARY KEY (`Host`,`User`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='Users and global privileges'
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql>

 创建库 create database db1;
 创建表 use db1; create table t1(`id` int(4), `name` char(40));
 查看当前数据库版本 select version();
 查看数据库状态 show status;
 查看各参数 show variables; show variables like 'max_connect%';
 修改参数 set global max_connect_errors=1000;
 查看队列 show processlist; show full processlist;

 

 

 grant all on *.* to 'user1' identified by '123456';       //创建用户user1,密码是123456,并授予权限。
 grant SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT on db1.* to 'user2'@'192.168.133.1' identified by 'passwd';  //创建用户user1,并授予SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT权限。
 grant all on db1.* to 'user3'@'%' identified by 'passwd';
 show grants;               
 show grants for user2@192.168.133.1;

grant  用户授权:

Grant  <权限>  on  表名[(列名)]  to  用户 With  grant  option

或 GRANT <权限> ON <数据对象> FROM <数据库用户>  

all privileges:表示将所有权限授予给用户。也可指定具体的权限,如:SELECT、CREATE、DROP等。
on:表示这些权限对哪些数据库和表生效,格式:数据库名.表名,这里写“*”表示所有数据库,所有表。如果我要指定将权限应用到test库的user表中,可以这么写:test.user
to:将权限授予哪个用户。格式:”用户名”@”登录IP或域名”。%表示没有限制,在任何主机都可以登录。比如:”yangxin”@”192.168.0.%”,表示yangxin这个用户只能在192.168.0IP段登录
identified by:指定用户的登录密码
with grant option:表示允许用户将自己的权限授权给其它用户
 

select count(*) from mysql.user;  //查询有多少个用户。
 select * from mysql.db\G;
 select db from mysql.db;
 select db,user from mysql.db;
 select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%';   //利用like进行模糊查找
 insert into db1.t1 values (1, 'abc');     //插入一条数据到数据库db1的表t1
 update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;     //修改或者更新一条数据
 truncate table db1.t1;   //清空表中数据,不删除表的结构
 drop table db1.t1;       //直接把表中数据和结构都删掉
 drop database db1;   //删除数据库


 备份库  mysqldump -uroot -p123456 mysql > /tmp/mysql.sql
 恢复库 mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql < /tmp/mysql.sql
 备份表 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 mysql user > /tmp/user.sql
 恢复表 mysql -uroot -p123456 mysql < /tmp/user.sql
 备份所有库 mysqldump -uroot -p -A >/tmp/123.sql
 只备份表结构 mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -d mysql > /tmp/mysql.sql

a002345d5bba19933f569ee86a4ea5e54cc.jpg

bfa9947e23070a494458ccfe4aafa2a94f1.jpg

 

mysql5.7 root密码更改  http://www.apelearn.com/bbs/thread-7289-1-1.html

myisam 和innodb引擎对比  http://www.pureweber.com/article/myisam-vs-innodb/

mysql 配置详解: http://blog.linuxeye.com/379.html

mysql调优: http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-5758-1-1.html

同学分享的亲身mysql调优经历:  http://www.apelearn.com/bbs/thread-11281-1-1.html

SQL语句教程  http://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-tutorial.html

什么是事务?事务的特性有哪些?  http://blog.csdn.net/yenange/article/details/7556094

根据binlog恢复指定时间段的数据  https://blog.csdn.net/lilongsy/article/details/74726002

mysql字符集调整  http://xjsunjie.blog.51cto.com/999372/1355013

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3964315/blog/3052549

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值