一、开发环境
eclipse 4.2.0
JDK 1.7.0_45
tomcat 7.0.54
二、在eclipse中创建项目
1.选择Dynamic Web Project,如果没有点击other寻找
2.填写项目名称,点击next
3.将编译后的文件存放路径改为:WebContent\WEB-INF\classes (个人习惯)
4.勾选创建web.xml文件,点击Finish
三、添加SpringMVC相关配置
1.添加jar包
2.配置web.xml文件,在web.xml文件中加入DispatcherServlet配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
<!--DispatcherServlet配置开始-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--DispatcherServlet配置结束-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
springMVC 会默认加载name-servlet.xml文件的信息,这里的name就是文件中配置的<servlet-name>springMVC,该项目中,系统会默认加载springMVC-servlet.xml。
在路径:/WEB-INF/springMVC-servlet.xml 中加载。
如果想要自己自定义,可以在servlet中加入:
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
这样springMVC就会加载spring-servlet.xml,在路径/WEB-INF/classes/spring-servlet.xml 中加载,这里的classpath:就是指的/WEB-INF/classes
3.在src文件夹下配置spring-servlet文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.spr-ingframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"
default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.you.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
在xml配置了<context:component-scan>后,springMVC可以自动去扫描base-pack下面或者子包下面的Java文件,如果扫描到有@Component @Controller@Service等这些注解的类,则把这些类注册为bean 。
InternalResourceViewResolver是一个内部资源视图解析器,它会把返回的视图名称都解析为InternalResourceView对象,InternalResourceView会把Controller处理器方法返回的模型属性都存放到对应的request属性中,然后通过RequestDispatcher在服务器端把请求forword重定向到目标URL。比如在InternalResourceViewResolver中定义了prefix=/,suffix=.jsp,然后请求的Controller处理器方法返回的视图名称为index,那么这个时候InternalResourceViewResolver就会把index解析为一个InternalResourceView对象,先把返回的模型属性都存放到对应的HttpServletRequest属性中,然后利用RequestDispatcher在服务器端把请求forword到/index.jsp。
四、编写代码
1.java代码
package com.you.springmvc;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/you")
public class springController {
@RequestMapping(value="/welcome")
public String welcome(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg", "欢迎使用springMVC!");
return "index";
}
}
2.页面代码
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>welcome</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>${msg}</h2>
</body>
</html>
五、运行项目
将项目部署到tomcat中,启动运行,在浏览器中输入127.0.0.1:8080/you/welcome.action(该项目部署的tomcat端口为8080,端口号以实际配置端口号为准),就会得到:
六、连接数据库
1.引入jar包
commons-dbcp.jar
commons-pool-1.3.jar
spring-jdbc-3.2.4.release.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.26-bin.jar
2.引入jdbc.properties文件
文件位置:
文件内容:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mydataBase?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root
3.spring-servlet.xml中添加:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" abstract="false" lazy-init="false" autowire="default">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
</bean>
propertyConfigurer 用于读取配置文件jdbc.properties文件中的内容
dataSoure是一个数据源配置了连接数据库的一些信息
jdbcTemplate用于实现对数据库的一些操作
package com.you.springmvc.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.you.springmvc.domain.SysUser;
import com.you.springmvc.service.IUserService;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService{
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate template;
@Override
public SysUser findUserByNamePwd(String name, String password) {
SysUser user=null;
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("select * from sys_user where name= '");
sql.append(name).append("' and pwd = '").append(password).append("'");
List<SysUser> userList=template.query(sql.toString(),new BeanPropertyRowMapper(SysUser.class));
if(userList!=null&&userList.size()>0){
user=userList.get(0);
}
return user;
}
@Override
public List<SysUser> findSysUser() {
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("select * from sys_user ");
List<SysUser> userList=template.query(sql.toString(),new BeanPropertyRowMapper(SysUser.class));
return userList;
}
@Override
public void delete(String id) {
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("delete from sys_user where id = '");
sql.append(id).append("'");
template.update(sql.toString());
}
@Override
public SysUser findUserById(String id) {
SysUser user=null;
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("select * from sys_user where id = '");
sql.append(id).append("'");
List<SysUser> userList=template.query(sql.toString(),new BeanPropertyRowMapper(SysUser.class));
if(userList!=null&&userList.size()>0){
user=userList.get(0);
}
return user;
}
@Override
public void update(SysUser user) {
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("update sys_user set real_name ='");
sql.append(user.getRealName()).append("',");
sql.append("sts = '").append(user.getSts()).append("',");
sql.append(" role= '").append(user.getRole()).append("'");
sql.append(" where id = '").append(user.getId()).append("'");
template.update(sql.toString());
}
@Override
public void insert(SysUser user) {
StringBuffer sql=new StringBuffer("insert into sys_user(name,real_name,pwd,sts,role) values('");
sql.append(user.getName()).append("',");
sql.append("'").append(user.getRealName()).append("',");
sql.append("'").append(user.getPwd()).append("',");
sql.append("'").append(user.getSts()).append("',");
sql.append("'").append(user.getRole()).append("')");
template.update(sql.toString());
}
}
七.其它
=======使用C标签========
需要引入:
jstl-1.1.2.jar
standard-1.1.2.jar
=======使用JSON====
需要引入:
json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar
还需要引入依赖包:
commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar
commons-collections-3.1.jar
commons-lang-2.5.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
ezmorph-1.0.6.jar