1.Spring bean 是被实例的,组装的及被Spring 容器管理的Java对象。
Spring bean的管理包括:
- 创建一个对象
- 提供依赖项(例如其他bean,配置属性)
- 拦截对象方法调用以提供额外的框架功能
- 销毁一个对象
2.配置bean 的4 种方式:
a.在XML中进行显示配置:(datasource 等配置)
b.通过注解Component注解(@Controller,@Service,@Repostory)
需要配置扫描包 @ComponentScan
(如果CompoentScan后面没有参数的话,默认会扫描与配置类相同的包)
反射调用构造方法
c. java config :@Bean 自己控制实例化过程。(redisTemplate)
d. @Import 3 种方式 (spring 3.0 之后 java config)
在XML中进行显示配置:(datasource 等配置)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="userService" class="com.chognzi.UserService" c:userName="chongzi">
<!--<constructor-arg value="chongzi"></constructor-arg>-->
</bean>
</beans>
@Component
@Lazy
class MyCallClass {
//...
}
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrix
@EnableHystrixDashboard
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.chongzi.crm.**.dao")
@Configuration
public class CrmApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(CrmApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@Primary
@LoadBalanced
RestTemplate restTemplate() {
RestTemplate rs = new RestTemplate();
return rs;
}
@Bean(name="restTemplate2")
// @Scope("prototype")
@Lasy
RestTemplate restTemplate2() {
RestTemplate rs = new RestTemplate();
return rs;
}
}
/**
* @author Chris Beams
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @since 3.0
* @see Configuration
* @see ImportSelector
* @see ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar
* @see ImportResource
*/
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {
/**
* {@link Configuration @Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector},
* {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar}, or regular component classes to import.
*/
Class<?>[] value();
}
使用@Import在配置类中向IOC中添加person 和teacher 的实例Bean
@Configuration
@Import({Person.class, Teacher.class,MyImportSelector.class, MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistar.class})
public class ApplicationConfig {
@Conditional({TestCondition.class, Test2Condition.class})
@Bean
public MyBeanFactory myBeanFactory(){
return new MyBeanFactory();
}
2.而@Import中的MyImportSelector.class,导入的是该类的默认方法返回值中string数组中的bean集合,该类必须继承ImportSelector 接口,实现selectImports()方法,该方法的返回值就是要注册的类的全类名
public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
return new String[]{"com.example.spring.bean.Student","com.example.spring.bean.Teacher"};
}
3.@Import中的MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistar.class,就是使用手工的方式自己向IOC容器中注册bean;
MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistar必须实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistar接口,重写registerBeanDefinitions()方法,在该方法中实现注册bean的具体细节,代码实现如下
@Override
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
//判断IOC容器中是否有当前要注册的bean
boolean student = registry.containsBeanDefinition("com.example.spring.bean.Teacher");
if(student){
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(Child.class);
//为当前bean设置各种属性
beanDefinition.setScope("singleton");
//注册到容器中
registry.registerBeanDefinition("child", beanDefinition);
}
}
参考文章:
[https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41191715/article/details/101150259]
[https://blog.csdn.net/lilongjiu/article/details/80405440]