linux内核源码main.c源码分析

前面分析了boot.s和head.s，终于可以调用c语言编写的代码，从汇编中解脱出来。

#define __LIBRARY__
#include <unistd.h>
#include <time.h>

/*
 * we need this inline - forking from kernel space will result
 * in NO COPY ON WRITE (!!!), until an execve is executed. This
 * is no problem, but for the stack. This is handled by not letting
 * main() use the stack at all after fork(). Thus, no function
 * calls - which means inline code for fork too, as otherwise we
 * would use the stack upon exit from 'fork()'.
 *
 * Actually only pause and fork are needed inline, so that there
 * won't be any messing with the stack from main(), but we define
 * some others too.
 */
static inline _syscall0(int,fork)
static inline _syscall0(int,pause)
static inline _syscall0(int,setup)
static inline _syscall0(int,sync)

使用内联函数可以减少函数调用时带来的性能损失，因为要使用压栈出栈等操作。在main.c中将开始有用户进程的产生，所以涉及到系统调用的机制。linux在此处提供了四个系统调用函数。
main.c的入口便是main函数：

void main(void)		/* This really IS void, no error here. */
{			/* The startup routine assumes (well, ...) this */
/*
 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
 * enable them
 */
	time_init();
	tty_init();
	trap_init();
	sched_init();
	buffer_init();
	hd_init();
	sti();
	move_to_user_mode();
	if (!fork()) {		/* we count on this going ok */
		init();
	}
/*
 *   NOTE!!   For any other task 'pause()' would mean we have to get a
 * signal to awaken, but task0 is the sole exception (see 'schedule()')
 * as task 0 gets activated at every idle moment (when no other tasks
 * can run). For task0 'pause()' just means we go check if some other
 * task can run, and if not we return here.
 */
	for(;;) pause();
}

这里做了一系列的初始化工作。而与进程调度和内存管理相关的，我们感兴趣的便是sched_init（）函数。