centos7安装nginx

0、更好yum源

1、下载wget
yum install -y wget
2、找到CentOS-Base.repo
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
2.1、备份CentOS-Base.repo
cp CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base_bak.repo
2.2、删除CentOS-Base.repo
2.3、下载新的
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
2.4、修改名称为CentOS-Base.repo
2.5、我们顺便下载个 epel   主要把很多包没得有，安装这个扩展包就能下载到了
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
2.6、清理缓存并生成新的缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache

更新为北京时间：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43023004/article/details/88738312

一、下载nginx

#1、nginx包目录：/usr/local/soft/nginx
cd /usr/local/soft/nginx
#2、下载
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz
#3、解压
tar -zxvf nginx-1.21.6.tar.gz

二、执行

#4、进入到/usr/local/soft/nginx/nginx-1.21.6进行配置
cd /usr/local/soft/nginx/nginx-1.21.6
#5、执行./configure 
./configure

报错：

原因：缺失 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64 x86_64

sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64 x86_64
sudo yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake make

再次执行./configure 报错

还是缺失包，解决：

# 1.安装 gcc
yum install gcc‐c++
# 2.nginx的http模块使用pcre来解析正则表达式，需要在linux上安装pcre库
yum install ‐y pcre pcre‐devel
yum -y install pcre-devel
# 3.安装zlib库，nginx使用zlib对http包的内容进行gzip
yum install ‐y zlib zlib‐devel
# 4.安装openssl库，让 nginx 支持 https（即在ssl协议上传输http）
yum install ‐y openssl openssl‐devel

执行./configure还是报错

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.

yum install -y zlib-devel

执行./configure成功

三、编译

make			    #执行完./configure之后，敲make回车
make install		#确认是否安装成功（可执行可不执行,没有影响）

安装完成后nginx目录：/usr/local/nginx
启动：

cd /usr/local/nginx
#启动
sbin/nginx
# 查看nginx启动状态
ps -ef | grep nginx
#退出nginx
sbin/ngin -s quit
重新加载：
./nginx -s reload

访问；开启对外端口，默认80端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

结果：

最后设置开机启动

1、切换到/lib/systemd/system/目录，创建nginx.service文件vim nginx.service
命令：

cd /lib/systemd/system/
touch nginx.service
chmod 777 nginx.service

2、编辑，增加以下内容：

[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
  
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx quit
PrivateTmp=true
  
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3、退出并保存，执行开机启动命令：

systemctl enable nginx.service

其它命令：

启动nginx：
systemctl start nginx.service    
 结束nginx：
systemctl stop nginx.service    
 重启nginx：
systemctl restart nginx.service    

四、nginx.conf配置

vi /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf

基础配置(路由到对应服务上)：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
	upstream nginx_boot { 
	   # 30s内检查心跳发送两次包，未回复就代表该机器宕机，请求分发权重比为1:2  
	   # 这里是启动了两个端口的服务，模拟权重
	   server localhost:9003 weight=100 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;   
	   server localhost:9004 weight=200 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;  
	   # 这里的IP请配置成你WEB服务所在的机器IP  
	}  
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
		client_max_body_size 100m;	
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://nginx_boot;
	    proxy_set_header Host $host;
	    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
        }
        location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css){  
	     root /usr/local/nginx/static_resources;  
	     expires 7d;  
       }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }	
}