window环境安装mysql5.7.21

1. 从MySQL官网下载免安装的压缩包mysql-5.7.21-winx64.zip

2. 解压到相应的目录（此处解压到F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64）

3. 配置环境变量，将MySQL的启动目录（F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64\bin）添加到Path中

4. 在MySQL目录下（F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64）创建my.ini文件，内容如下：

[mysql]  
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集  
default-character-set=utf8  
[mysqld]  
#设置3306端口  
port = 3306  
# 设置mysql的安装目录  
basedir=F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64  
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录  
datadir=F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64\data  
# 允许最大连接数  
max_connections=200  
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集  
character-set-server=utf8  
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎  
default-storage-engine=INNODB  

5. 管理员身份运行cmd

切换目录：

C:\Windows\system32>cd F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64\bin

生成MySQL服务：

F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64\bin>mysqld -install
Service successfully installed.

生成data目录：

F:\mysql-5.7.21-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql

启动MySQL服务：

C:\Windows\system32>net start mysql
MySQL 服务正在启动 .
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。

6. 登录数据库，修改密码（默认密码为空）

登录数据库：

C:\Windows\system32>mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

修改密码：

mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> update user set authentication_string=password("新密码") where User="root";
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1
mysql> 
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;