Craps

今天参考书里的例子，动手写了一个Craps的小程序。就是掷骰子游戏。

投掷两个骰子，计算点数和。如果第一次掷出了7和11，则赢了。如果第一次掷出2,3,12，则输了。第一次掷出了其他的点数，则该点数将做为接下来需要投掷的目标点数。接下来可以不停地投掷，直到投到了目标点数则赢，如果接下来任何一次投到了7，则输了。

具体代码如下：

//Craps

import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Event;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.TextField;

public class Craps extends Applet{
	// constant variables for status of game
	final int WON = 0, LOST = 1, CONTINUE = 2;
	
	// other variables
	Label label_dice1, label_dice2, label_sum, label_point;
	TextField text_dice1, text_dice2, text_sum, text_point;
	Button buttonRoll;
	int dice1, dice2, sum, point;
	boolean firstRoll;
	int gameStatus;
	
	// setup the graphical user interface components
	// and initialize the variables
	public void init()
	{
		label_dice1 = new Label( "Dice 1" );
		label_dice2 = new Label( "Dice 2" );
		label_sum = new Label( "Sum is" );
		label_point = new Label( "Point is" );
		
		text_dice1 = new TextField( 10 );
		text_dice2 = new TextField( 10 );
		text_sum = new TextField( 10 );
		text_point = new TextField( 10 );
		
		text_dice1.setEditable( false );
		text_dice2.setEditable( false );
		text_sum.setEditable( false );
		text_point.setEditable( false );
		
		buttonRoll = new Button ( "Roll Dice" );
		
		add( label_dice1 );
		add( text_dice1 );
		add( label_dice2 );
		add( text_dice2 );
		add( label_sum );
		add( text_sum );
		add( label_point );
		add( text_point );
		add( buttonRoll );
		
		firstRoll = true;
		sum = point = 0;
		
		
	}
	
	// process one roll
	public void play()
	{
		if ( firstRoll ) {
			sum = rollDice();
			
			switch ( sum ) {
				case 7: case 11:
					gameStatus = WON;
					text_point.setText( "" );
					firstRoll = true;
					break;
				case 2: case 3: case 12:
					gameStatus = LOST;
					text_point.setText( "" );
					firstRoll = true;
					break;
				default:
					gameStatus = CONTINUE;
					text_point.setText( Integer.toString( sum ) );
					firstRoll = false;
					break;
			}
			
		} 
		else {
			point = Integer.parseInt( text_point.getText() );
			sum = rollDice();
			
			if ( sum == point ) {
				gameStatus = WON;
				text_point.setText( "" );
				firstRoll = true;
			}
				
			else if ( sum == 7 ) {
				gameStatus = LOST;
				text_point.setText( "" );
				firstRoll = true;
			}
		}
		
		// display the game status
		if ( gameStatus == WON )
			showStatus( "You win." );
		else if ( gameStatus == LOST )
			showStatus( "You lost." );
		else if ( gameStatus == CONTINUE )
			showStatus( "Roll again" );
	}
	
	// rollDice method definition
	public int rollDice()
	{
		dice1 = 1 + ( int ) ( Math.random() * 6 );
		dice2 = 1 + ( int ) ( Math.random() * 6 );
		
		text_dice1.setText( Integer.toString( dice1 ) );
		text_dice2.setText( Integer.toString( dice2 ) );
		
		sum = dice1 + dice2;
		
		text_sum.setText( Integer.toString( sum ) );		
		
		return sum;
	}
	
	// process button action
	public boolean action ( Event e, Object o )
	{
		play();
		return true;
	}
}

在这个小程序中，接触到了常量的定义。定义了常量后，那个被定义的数字的修改变的容易了，如果在代码中多次出现，也不会产生输入错误。

同时第一次使用了button这个组件，不过只是稍微提及了下，后面还要好好深入学习下。

尽管这个小游戏很简单，但是自己写出来还是觉得很有意思，慢慢建立起一种程序思维。而且通过参照书本中给出的程序，可以发现自己的想法中的不足。