分享一个比较好用的Makefile文件

#############################################################  # Generic Makefile for C/C++ Program  #  # License: GPL (General Public License)  # Author:  whyglinux <whyglinux AT gmail DOT com>  # Date:    2006/03/04 (version 0.1)  #          2007/03/24 (version 0.2)  #          2007/04/09 (version 0.3)  
#          2007/06/26 (version 0.4)  
#          2008/04/05 (version 0.5)  
#  
# Description:  
# ------------  
# This is an easily customizable makefile template. The purpose is to  
# provide an instant building environment for C/C++ programs.  
#  
# It searches all the C/C++ source files in the specified directories,  
# makes dependencies, compiles and links to form an executable.  
#  
# Besides its default ability to build C/C++ programs which use only  
# standard C/C++ libraries, you can customize the Makefile to build  
# those using other libraries. Once done, without any changes you can  
# then build programs using the same or less libraries, even if source  
# files are renamed, added or removed. Therefore, it is particularly  
# convenient to use it to build codes for experimental or study use.  
#  
# GNU make is expected to use the Makefile. Other versions of makes  
# may or may not work.  
#  
# Usage:  
# ------  
# 1. Copy the Makefile to your program directory.  
# 2. Customize in the "Customizable Section" only if necessary:  
#    * to use non-standard C/C++ libraries, set pre-processor or compiler  
#      options to <MY_CFLAGS> and linker ones to <MY_LIBS>  
#      (See Makefile.gtk+-2.0 for an example)  
#    * to search sources in more directories, set to <SRCDIRS>  
#    * to specify your favorite program name, set to <PROGRAM>  
# 3. Type make to start building your program.  
#  
# Make Target:  
# ------------  
# The Makefile provides the following targets to make:  
#   $ make           compile and link  
#   $ make NODEP=yes compile and link without generating dependencies  
#   $ make objs      compile only (no linking)  
#   $ make tags      create tags for Emacs editor  
#   $ make ctags     create ctags for VI editor  
#   $ make clean     clean objects and the executable file  
#   $ make distclean clean objects, the executable and dependencies  
#   $ make help      get the usage of the makefile  
#  
#===========================================================================  

## Customizable Section: adapt those variables to suit your program.  
##==========================================================================  

# The pre-processor and compiler options.  
MY_CFLAGS = -D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0 

# The linker options.  
MY_LIBS   =  -lpthread 

# The pre-processor options used by the cpp (man cpp for more).  
CPPFLAGS  =  -std=c++11  

# The options used in linking as well as in any direct use of ld.  
LDFLAGS   = 

# The directories in which source files reside.  
# If not specified, only the current directory will be serached.  
SRCDIRS   = 

# The executable file name.  
# If not specified, current directory name or `a.out' will be used.  
PROGRAM   =Thread 

## Implicit Section: change the following only when necessary.  
##==========================================================================  

# The source file types (headers excluded).  
# .c indicates C source files, and others C++ ones.  
SRCEXTS = .c .C .cc .cpp .CPP .c++ .cxx .cp  

# The header file types.  
HDREXTS = .h .H .hh .hpp .HPP .h++ .hxx .hp  

# The pre-processor and compiler options.  
# Users can override those variables from the command line.  
CFLAGS  = -g -O2  
CXXFLAGS= -g -O2  

# The C program compiler.  
#CC     = gcc  

# The C++ program compiler.  
CXX    = g++  

# Un-comment the following line to compile C programs as C++ ones.  
#CC     = $(CXX)  

# The command used to delete file.  
RM     = rm -f  

ETAGS = etags  
ETAGSFLAGS =  

CTAGS = ctags  
CTAGSFLAGS =  

## Stable Section: usually no need to be changed. But you can add more.  
##==========================================================================  
SHELL   = /bin/sh  
EMPTY   =  
SPACE   = $(EMPTY) $(EMPTY)  
ifeq ($(PROGRAM),)  
  CUR_PATH_NAMES = $(subst /,$(SPACE),$(subst $(SPACE),_,$(CURDIR)))  
  PROGRAM = $(word $(words $(CUR_PATH_NAMES)),$(CUR_PATH_NAMES))  
  ifeq ($(PROGRAM),)  
    PROGRAM = a.out  
  endif  
endif  
ifeq ($(SRCDIRS),)  
  SRCDIRS = .  
endif  
SOURCES = $(foreach d,$(SRCDIRS),$(wildcard $(addprefix $(d)/*,$(SRCEXTS))))  
HEADERS = $(foreach d,$(SRCDIRS),$(wildcard $(addprefix $(d)/*,$(HDREXTS))))  
SRC_CXX = $(filter-out %.c,$(SOURCES))  
OBJS    = $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))  
DEPS    = $(OBJS:.o=.d)  

## Define some useful variables.  
DEP_OPT = $(shell if `$(CC) --version | grep "GCC" >/dev/null`; then echo "-MM -MP"; else echo "-M"; fi )  
DEPEND      = $(CC)  $(DEP_OPT)  $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS)  
DEPEND.d    = $(subst -g ,,$(DEPEND))  
COMPILE.c   = $(CC)  $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)   $(CPPFLAGS) -c  
COMPILE.cxx = $(CXX) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c  
LINK.c      = $(CC)  $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS)   $(CPPFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)    
LINK.cxx    = $(CXX) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)  

.PHONY: all objs tags ctags clean distclean help show  

# Delete the default suffixes  
.SUFFIXES:  

all: $(PROGRAM)  

# Rules for creating dependency files (.d).  
#------------------------------------------  

%.d:%.c  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.C  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.cc  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.cpp  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.CPP  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.c++  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.cp  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

%.d:%.cxx  
    @echo -n $(dir $<) > $@  
    @$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@  

# Rules for generating object files (.o).  
#----------------------------------------  
objs:$(OBJS)  

%.o:%.c  
    $(COMPILE.c) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.C  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.cc  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.cpp  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.CPP  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.c++  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.cp  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

%.o:%.cxx  
    $(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@  

# Rules for generating the tags.  
#-------------------------------------  
tags: $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  
    $(ETAGS) $(ETAGSFLAGS) $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  

ctags: $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  
    $(CTAGS) $(CTAGSFLAGS) $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)  

# Rules for generating the executable.  
#-------------------------------------  
$(PROGRAM):$(OBJS)  
ifeq ($(SRC_CXX),)              # C program  
    $(LINK.c)   $(OBJS) $(MY_LIBS) -o $@  
    @echo Type ./$@ to execute the program.  
else                            # C++ program  
    $(LINK.cxx) $(OBJS) $(MY_LIBS) -o $@  
    @echo Type ./$@ to execute the program.  
endif  

ifndef NODEP  
ifneq ($(DEPS),)  
   sinclude $(DEPS)  
endif  
endif  

clean:  
    $(RM) $(OBJS) $(PROGRAM) $(PROGRAM).exe $(PROGRAM).d

distclean: clean  
    $(RM) $(DEPS) TAGS  

# Show help.  
help:  
    @echo 'Generic Makefile for C/C++ Programs (gcmakefile) version 0.5'  
    @echo 'Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 whyglinux <whyglinux@hotmail.com>'  
    @echo  
    @echo 'Usage: make [TARGET]'  
    @echo 'TARGETS:'  
    @echo '  all       (=make) compile and link.'  
    @echo '  NODEP=yes make without generating dependencies.'  
    @echo '  objs      compile only (no linking).'  
    @echo '  tags      create tags for Emacs editor.'  
    @echo '  ctags     create ctags for VI editor.'  
    @echo '  clean     clean objects and the executable file.'  
    @echo '  distclean clean objects, the executable and dependencies.'  @echo '  show      show variables (for debug use only).'  
    @echo '  help      print this message.'  
    @echo  
    @echo 'Report bugs to <whyglinux AT gmail DOT com>.'  

# Show variables (for debug use only.)  
show:  
    @echo 'PROGRAM     :' $(PROGRAM)  
    @echo 'SRCDIRS     :' $(SRCDIRS)  
    @echo 'HEADERS     :' $(HEADERS)  
    @echo 'SOURCES     :' $(SOURCES)  
    @echo 'SRC_CXX     :' $(SRC_CXX)  
    @echo 'OBJS        :' $(OBJS)  
    @echo 'DEPS        :' $(DEPS)  
    @echo 'DEPEND      :' $(DEPEND)  
    @echo 'COMPILE.c   :' $(COMPILE.c)  
    @echo 'COMPILE.cxx :' $(COMPILE.cxx)  
    @echo 'link.c      :' $(LINK.c)  
    @echo 'link.cxx    :' $(LINK.cxx)  

## End of the Makefile ##  Suggestions are welcome  ## All rights reserved ##  
##############################################################