java线程阻塞中断与LockSupport使用介绍

在看java cocurrent中也顺便再温故了一下Thread.interrupt和java 5之后的LockSupport的实现。 
在介绍之前,先抛几个问题。 
Thread.interrupt()方法和InterruptedException异常的关系?是由interrupt触发产生了InterruptedException异常? 
Thread.interrupt()会中断线程什么状态的工作? RUNNING or BLOCKING? 
一般Thread编程需要关注interrupt中断不?一般怎么处理?可以用来做什么? 
LockSupport.park()和unpark(),与object.wait()和notify()的区别? 
LockSupport.park(Object blocker)传递的blocker对象做什么用? 
LockSupport能响应Thread.interrupt()事件不?会抛出InterruptedException异常? 
Thread.interrupt()处理是否有对应的回调函数?类似于钩子调用? 
如果你都都能很明确的答上来了,说明你已经完全懂Thread.interrupt,可以不用往下看那了。 
那如果不清楚的,带着这几个问题,一起来梳理下。 
Thread的interrupt处理的几个方法: 
public void interrupt() : 执行线程interrupt事件 
public boolean isInterrupted() : 检查当前线程是否处于interrupt 
public static boolean interrupted() : check当前线程是否处于interrupt,并重置interrupt信息。类似于resetAndGet() 
理解: 
1. 每个线程都有一个interrupt status标志位,用于表明当前线程是否处于中断状态 
2. 一般调用Thread.interrupt()会有两种处理方式 
遇到一个低优先级的block状态时,比如object.wait(),object.sleep(),object.join()。它会立马触发一个unblock解除阻塞,并throw一个InterruptedException。 
其他情况,Thread.interrupt()仅仅只是更新了status标志位。然后你的工作线程通过Thread.isInterrrupted()进行检查,可以做相应的处理,比如也throw InterruptedException或者是清理状态,取消task等。 
在interrupt javadoc中描述: 
 
最佳实践 
IBM上有篇文章写的挺不错。Java theory and practice: Dealing with InterruptedException , 里面提到了Interrupt处理的几条最佳实践。 
Don't swallow interrupts (别吃掉Interrupt,一般是两种处理: 继续throw InterruptedException异常。 另一种就是继续设置Thread.interupt()异常标志位,让更上一层去进行相应处理。 

复制代码 代码如下:


public class TaskRunner implements Runnable { 
private BlockingQueue<Task> queue; 
public TaskRunner(BlockingQueue<Task> queue) { 
this.queue = queue; 

public void run() { 
try { 
while (true) { 
Task task = queue.take(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
task.execute(); 


catch (InterruptedException e) { 
// Restore the interrupted status 
Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); 


 

复制代码 代码如下:


public class TaskRunner implements Runnable { 
private BlockingQueue<Task> queue; 
public TaskRunner(BlockingQueue<Task> queue) { 
this.queue = queue; 

public void run() { 
try { 
while (true) { 
Task task = queue.take(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
task.execute(); 


catch (InterruptedException e) { 
// Restore the interrupted status 
Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); 



Implementing cancelable tasks with Interrupt (使用Thread.interrupt()来设计和支持可被cancel的task) 

复制代码 代码如下:


public class PrimeProducer extends Thread { 
private final BlockingQueue<BigInteger> queue; 
PrimeProducer(BlockingQueue<BigInteger> queue) { 
this.queue = queue; 

public void run() { 
try { 
BigInteger p = BigInteger.ONE; 
while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) 
queue.put(p = p.nextProbablePrime()); 
} catch (InterruptedException consumed) { 
/* Allow thread to exit */ 


public void cancel() { interrupt(); } // 发起中断 
}<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: normal"> </SPAN> 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


public class PrimeProducer extends Thread { 
private final BlockingQueue<BigInteger> queue; 
PrimeProducer(BlockingQueue<BigInteger> queue) { 
this.queue = queue; 

public void run() { 
try { 
BigInteger p = BigInteger.ONE; 
while (!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) 
queue.put(p = p.nextProbablePrime()); 
} catch (InterruptedException consumed) { 
/* Allow thread to exit */ 


public void cancel() { interrupt(); } // 发起中断 
}<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: normal"> </SPAN> 


注册Interrupt处理事件(非正常用法) 
一般正常的task设计用来处理cancel,都是采用主动轮询的方式检查Thread.isInterrupt(),对业务本身存在一定的嵌入性,还有就是存在延迟,你得等到下一个检查点(谁知道下一个检查点是在什么时候,特别是进行一个socket.read时,遇到过一个HttpClient超时的问题)。 
来看一下,主动抛出InterruptedException异常的实现,借鉴于InterruptibleChannel的设计,比较取巧。 

复制代码 代码如下:


interface InterruptAble { // 定义可中断的接口 
public void interrupt() throws InterruptedException; 

abstract class InterruptSupport implements InterruptAble { 
private volatile boolean interrupted = false; 
private Interruptible interruptor = new Interruptible() { 
public void interrupt() { 
interrupted = true; 
InterruptSupport.this.interrupt(); // 位置3 

}; 
public final boolean execute() throws InterruptedException { 
try { 
blockedOn(interruptor); // 位置1 
if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) { // 立马被interrupted 
interruptor.interrupt(); 

// 执行业务代码 
bussiness(); 
} finally { 
blockedOn(null); // 位置2 

return interrupted; 

public abstract void bussiness() ; 
public abstract void interrupt(); 
// -- sun.misc.SharedSecrets -- 
static void blockedOn(Interruptible intr) { // package-private 
sun.misc.SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess().blockedOn(Thread.currentThread(), intr); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


interface InterruptAble { // 定义可中断的接口 
public void interrupt() throws InterruptedException; 

abstract class InterruptSupport implements InterruptAble { 
private volatile boolean interrupted = false; 
private Interruptible interruptor = new Interruptible() { 
public void interrupt() { 
interrupted = true; 
InterruptSupport.this.interrupt(); // 位置3 

}; 
public final boolean execute() throws InterruptedException { 
try { 
blockedOn(interruptor); // 位置1 
if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) { // 立马被interrupted 
interruptor.interrupt(); 

// 执行业务代码 
bussiness(); 
} finally { 
blockedOn(null); // 位置2 

return interrupted; 

public abstract void bussiness() ; 
public abstract void interrupt(); 
// -- sun.misc.SharedSecrets -- 
static void blockedOn(Interruptible intr) { // package-private 
sun.misc.SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess().blockedOn(Thread.currentThread(), intr); 


代码说明,几个取巧的点: 
位置1:利用sun提供的blockedOn方法,绑定对应的Interruptible事件处理钩子到指定的Thread上。 
位置2:执行完代码后,清空钩子。避免使用连接池时,对下一个Thread处理事件的影响。 
位置3:定义了Interruptible事件钩子的处理方法,回调InterruptSupport.this.interrupt()方法,子类可以集成实现自己的业务逻辑,比如sock流关闭等等。 
使用: 

复制代码 代码如下:


class InterruptRead extends InterruptSupport { 
private FileInputStream in; 
@Override 
public void bussiness() { 
File file = new File("/dev/urandom"); // 读取linux黑洞,永远读不完 
try { 
in = new FileInputStream(file); 
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; 
while (in.read(bytes, 0, 1024) > 0) { 
// Thread.sleep(100); 
// if (Thread.interrupted()) {// 以前的Interrupt检查方式 
// throw new InterruptedException(""); 
// } 

} catch (Exception e) { 
throw new RuntimeException(e); 


public FileInputStream getIn() { 
return in; 

@Override 
public void interrupt() { 
try { 
in.getChannel().close(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 



public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { 
final InterruptRead test = new InterruptRead(); 
Thread t = new Thread() { 
@Override 
public void run() { 
long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 
try { 
System.out.println("InterruptRead start!"); 
test.execute(); 
} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
System.out.println("InterruptRead end! cost time : " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start)); 
e.printStackTrace(); 


}; 
t.start(); 
// 先让Read执行3秒 
Thread.sleep(3000); 
// 发出interrupt中断 
t.interrupt(); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


class InterruptRead extends InterruptSupport { 
private FileInputStream in; 
@Override 
public void bussiness() { 
File file = new File("/dev/urandom"); // 读取linux黑洞,永远读不完 
try { 
in = new FileInputStream(file); 
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; 
while (in.read(bytes, 0, 1024) > 0) { 
// Thread.sleep(100); 
// if (Thread.interrupted()) {// 以前的Interrupt检查方式 
// throw new InterruptedException(""); 
// } 

} catch (Exception e) { 
throw new RuntimeException(e); 


public FileInputStream getIn() { 
return in; 

@Override 
public void interrupt() { 
try { 
in.getChannel().close(); 
} catch (IOException e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 



public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { 
final InterruptRead test = new InterruptRead(); 
Thread t = new Thread() { 
@Override 
public void run() { 
long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 
try { 
System.out.println("InterruptRead start!"); 
test.execute(); 
} catch (InterruptedException e) { 
System.out.println("InterruptRead end! cost time : " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start)); 
e.printStackTrace(); 


}; 
t.start(); 
// 先让Read执行3秒 
Thread.sleep(3000); 
// 发出interrupt中断 
t.interrupt(); 


jdk源码介绍: 
1. sun提供的钩子可以查看System的相关代码, line : 1125 

复制代码 代码如下:


sun.misc.SharedSecrets.setJavaLangAccess(new sun.misc.JavaLangAccess(){ 
public sun.reflect.ConstantPool getConstantPool(Class klass) { 
return klass.getConstantPool(); 

public void setAnnotationType(Class klass, AnnotationType type) { 
klass.setAnnotationType(type); 

public AnnotationType getAnnotationType(Class klass) { 
return klass.getAnnotationType(); 

public <E extends Enum<E>> 
E[] getEnumConstantsShared(Class<E> klass) { 
return klass.getEnumConstantsShared(); 

public void blockedOn(Thread t, Interruptible b) { 
t.blockedOn(b); 

}); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


sun.misc.SharedSecrets.setJavaLangAccess(new sun.misc.JavaLangAccess(){ 
public sun.reflect.ConstantPool getConstantPool(Class klass) { 
return klass.getConstantPool(); 

public void setAnnotationType(Class klass, AnnotationType type) { 
klass.setAnnotationType(type); 

public AnnotationType getAnnotationType(Class klass) { 
return klass.getAnnotationType(); 

public <E extends Enum<E>> 
E[] getEnumConstantsShared(Class<E> klass) { 
return klass.getEnumConstantsShared(); 

public void blockedOn(Thread t, Interruptible b) { 
t.blockedOn(b); 

}); 


2. Thread.interrupt() 

复制代码 代码如下:


public void interrupt() { 
if (this != Thread.currentThread()) 
checkAccess(); 
synchronized (blockerLock) { 
Interruptible b = blocker; 
if (b != null) { 
interrupt0(); // Just to set the interrupt flag 
b.interrupt(); //回调钩子 
return; 


interrupt0(); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


public void interrupt() { 
if (this != Thread.currentThread()) 
checkAccess(); 
synchronized (blockerLock) { 
Interruptible b = blocker; 
if (b != null) { 
interrupt0(); // Just to set the interrupt flag 
b.interrupt(); //回调钩子 
return; 


interrupt0(); 


更多 
更多关于Thread.stop,suspend,resume,interrupt的使用注意点,可以看一下sun的文档,比如http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/concurrency/threadPrimitiveDeprecation.html 
最后来解答一下之前的几个问题: 
问题1: Thread.interrupt()方法和InterruptedException异常的关系?是由interrupt触发产生了InterruptedException异常? 
答: Thread.interrupt()只是在Object.wait() .Object.join(), Object.sleep()几个方法会主动抛出InterruptedException异常。而在其他的的block常见,只是通过设置了Thread的一个标志位信息,需要程序自我进行处理。 

复制代码 代码如下:


if (Thread.interrupted()) // Clears interrupted status! 
throw new InterruptedException(); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


if (Thread.interrupted()) // Clears interrupted status! 
throw new InterruptedException(); 


问题2:Thread.interrupt()会中断线程什么状态的工作? RUNNING or BLOCKING? 
答:Thread.interrupt设计的目的主要是用于处理线程处于block状态,比如wait(),sleep()状态就是个例子。但可以在程序设计时为支持task cancel,同样可以支持RUNNING状态。比如Object.join()和一些支持interrupt的一些nio channel设计。 
问题3: 一般Thread编程需要关注interrupt中断不?一般怎么处理?可以用来做什么? 
答: interrupt用途: unBlock操作,支持任务cancel, 数据清理等。 
问题4: LockSupport.park()和unpark(),与object.wait()和notify()的区别? 
答: 
1. 面向的主体不一样。LockSuport主要是针对Thread进进行阻塞处理,可以指定阻塞队列的目标对象,每次可以指定具体的线程唤醒。Object.wait()是以对象为纬度,阻塞当前的线程和唤醒单个(随机)或者所有线程。 
2. 实现机制不同。虽然LockSuport可以指定monitor的object对象,但和object.wait(),两者的阻塞队列并不交叉。可以看下测试例子。object.notifyAll()不能唤醒LockSupport的阻塞Thread. 
问题5: LockSupport.park(Object blocker)传递的blocker对象做什么用? 
答: 对应的blcoker会记录在Thread的一个parkBlocker属性中,通过jstack命令可以非常方便的监控具体的阻塞对象. 

复制代码 代码如下:


public static void park(Object blocker) { 
Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); 
setBlocker(t, blocker); // 设置Thread.parkBlocker属性的值 
unsafe.park(false, 0L); 
setBlocker(t, null); // 清除Thread.parkBlocker属性的值 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


public static void park(Object blocker) { 
Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); 
setBlocker(t, blocker); // 设置Thread.parkBlocker属性的值 
unsafe.park(false, 0L); 
setBlocker(t, null); // 清除Thread.parkBlocker属性的值 


具体LockSupport的javadoc描述也比较清楚,可以看下: 
 
问题6: LockSupport能响应Thread.interrupt()事件不?会抛出InterruptedException异常? 
答:能响应interrupt事件,但不会抛出InterruptedException异常。针对LockSupport对Thread.interrupte支持,也先看一下javadoc中的描述: 
 
相关测试代码 

复制代码 代码如下:


package com.agapple.cocurrent; 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.lang.reflect.Field; 
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport; 
public class LockSupportTest { 
private static LockSupportTest blocker = new LockSupportTest(); 
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { 
lockSupportTest(); 
parkTest(); 
interruptParkTest(); 
interruptSleepTest(); 
interruptWaitTest(); 

/** 
* LockSupport.park对象后,尝试获取Thread.blocker对象,调用其single唤醒 

* @throws Exception 
*/ 
private static void lockSupportTest() throws Exception { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
System.out.println("blocker"); 
LockSupport.park(blocker); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "lockSupportTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(150); 
synchronized (blocker) { 
Field field = Thread.class.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker"); 
field.setAccessible(true); 
Object fBlocker = field.get(t); 
System.out.println(blocker == fBlocker); 
Thread.sleep(100); 
System.out.println("notifyAll"); 
blocker.notifyAll(); 


/** 
* 尝试去中断一个object.wait(),会抛出对应的InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptWaitTest() throws InterruptedException { 
final Object obj = new Object(); 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
obj.wait(); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptWaitTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个Thread.sleep(),会抛出对应的InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptSleepTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
Thread.sleep(5000); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptSleepTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个LockSupport.park(),会有响应但不会抛出InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptParkTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() { 
// 尝试去park 自己线程 
LockSupport.parkNanos(blocker, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(5)); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptParkTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个LockSupport.unPark(),会有响应 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void parkTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() { 
// 尝试去park 自己线程 
LockSupport.park(blocker); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "parkTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
LockSupport.unpark(t); 
t.interrupt(); 

public static Thread doTest(final TestCallBack call) { 
return new Thread() { 
@Override 
public void run() { 
File file = new File("/dev/urandom"); // 读取linux黑洞 
try { 
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file); 
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; 
while (in.read(bytes, 0, 1024) > 0) { 
if (Thread.interrupted()) { 
throw new InterruptedException(""); 

System.out.println(bytes[0]); 
Thread.sleep(100); 
long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 
call.callback(); 
System.out.println(call.getName() + " callback finish cost : " 
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start)); 

} catch (Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 


}; 


interface TestCallBack { 
public void callback() throws Exception; 
public String getName(); 

 

复制代码 代码如下:


package com.agapple.cocurrent; 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.lang.reflect.Field; 
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport; 
public class LockSupportTest { 
private static LockSupportTest blocker = new LockSupportTest(); 
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { 
lockSupportTest(); 
parkTest(); 
interruptParkTest(); 
interruptSleepTest(); 
interruptWaitTest(); 

/** 
* LockSupport.park对象后,尝试获取Thread.blocker对象,调用其single唤醒 

* @throws Exception 
*/ 
private static void lockSupportTest() throws Exception { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
System.out.println("blocker"); 
LockSupport.park(blocker); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "lockSupportTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(150); 
synchronized (blocker) { 
Field field = Thread.class.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker"); 
field.setAccessible(true); 
Object fBlocker = field.get(t); 
System.out.println(blocker == fBlocker); 
Thread.sleep(100); 
System.out.println("notifyAll"); 
blocker.notifyAll(); 


/** 
* 尝试去中断一个object.wait(),会抛出对应的InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptWaitTest() throws InterruptedException { 
final Object obj = new Object(); 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
obj.wait(); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptWaitTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个Thread.sleep(),会抛出对应的InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptSleepTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() throws Exception { 
// 尝试sleep 5s 
Thread.sleep(5000); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptSleepTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个LockSupport.park(),会有响应但不会抛出InterruptedException异常 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void interruptParkTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() { 
// 尝试去park 自己线程 
LockSupport.parkNanos(blocker, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(5)); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "interruptParkTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
t.interrupt(); // 检查下在park时,是否响应中断 

/** 
* 尝试去中断一个LockSupport.unPark(),会有响应 

* @throws InterruptedException 
*/ 
private static void parkTest() throws InterruptedException { 
Thread t = doTest(new TestCallBack() { 
@Override 
public void callback() { 
// 尝试去park 自己线程 
LockSupport.park(blocker); 
System.out.println("wakeup now!"); 

@Override 
public String getName() { 
return "parkTest"; 

}); 
t.start(); // 启动读取线程 
Thread.sleep(2000); 
LockSupport.unpark(t); 
t.interrupt(); 

public static Thread doTest(final TestCallBack call) { 
return new Thread() { 
@Override 
public void run() { 
File file = new File("/dev/urandom"); // 读取linux黑洞 
try { 
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file); 
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; 
while (in.read(bytes, 0, 1024) > 0) { 
if (Thread.interrupted()) { 
throw new InterruptedException(""); 

System.out.println(bytes[0]); 
Thread.sleep(100); 
long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 
call.callback(); 
System.out.println(call.getName() + " callback finish cost : " 
+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - start)); 

} catch (Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 


}; 


interface TestCallBack { 
public void callback() throws Exception; 
public String getName(); 


最后 
发觉文章越写越长,那就索性发到了论坛,大家一起讨论下.毕竟文章中描述的都是一些使用层面的东东,并没有从操作系统或者sun native实现上去介绍Thread的一些机制,熟悉这块的大牛门也可以出来发表下高见.

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/zengxiaoning/blog/918865

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