基于zxing( https://github.com/zxing/zxing )与maven,针对二维码(包括带图片的二维码)、条形码进行了简单的封装,以便在项目中更好的利用。
ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括:J2ME、J2SE和Android
关于二维码的生成细节与原理,请参考: http://coolshell.cn/articles/10590.html
package com.qrcode; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform; import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat; import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap; import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType; import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType; import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource; import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader; import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter; import com.google.zxing.Result; import com.google.zxing.WriterException; import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource; import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter; import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix; import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer; import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel; public class PRUtil { // 图片宽度的一般 private static final int IMAGE_WIDTH = 80; private static final int IMAGE_HEIGHT = 80; private static final int IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH = IMAGE_WIDTH / 2; private static final int FRAME_WIDTH = 2; /** * 生成普通二维码 * * @param contents * @param width * @param height * @param imgPath */ public static void encodePR(String contents, int width, int height, String imgPath) { Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>(); // 指定纠错等级 hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.L); // 指定编码格式 hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK"); try { BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "jpg", new FileOutputStream(imgPath)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 生成带图片的二维码 * * @param content * @param width * @param height * @param srcImagePath * @param destImagePath */ public static void encodePR(String content, int width, int height, String srcImagePath, String destImagePath) { try { ImageIO.write(genBarcode(content, width, height, srcImagePath), "jpg", new File(destImagePath)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (WriterException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 针对二维码进行解析 * * @param imgPath * @return */ public static String decodePR(String imgPath) { BufferedImage image = null; Result result = null; try { image = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath)); if (image == null) { System.out.println("the decode image may be not exists."); } LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK"); result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints); return result.getText(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 创建条形码 * * @param contents * @param width * @param height * @param imgPath */ public static void encodeBar(String contents, int width, int height, String imgPath) { // 条形码的最小宽度 int codeWidth = 98; codeWidth = Math.max(codeWidth, width); try { BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents, BarcodeFormat.EAN_13, codeWidth, height, null); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "png", new FileOutputStream(imgPath)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 针对条形码进行解析 * * @param imgPath * @return */ public static String decodeBar(String imgPath) { BufferedImage image = null; Result result = null; try { image = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath)); if (image == null) { System.out.println("the decode image may be not exit."); } LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, null); return result.getText(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 把传入的原始图像按高度和宽度进行缩放,生成符合要求的图标 * * @param srcImageFile 源文件地址 * @param height 目标高度 * @param width 目标宽度 * @param hasFiller 比例不对时是否需要补白:true为补白; false为不补白; * @throws IOException */ private static BufferedImage scale(String srcImageFile, int height, int width, boolean hasFiller) throws IOException { double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例 File file = new File(srcImageFile); BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(file); Image destImage = srcImage.getScaledInstance(width, height, BufferedImage.SCALE_SMOOTH); // 计算比例 if ((srcImage.getHeight() > height) || (srcImage.getWidth() > width)) { if (srcImage.getHeight() > srcImage.getWidth()) { ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue() / srcImage.getHeight(); } else { ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue() / srcImage.getWidth(); } AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp( AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null); destImage = op.filter(srcImage, null); } if (hasFiller) {// 补白 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics2D graphic = image.createGraphics(); graphic.setColor(Color.white); graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); if (width == destImage.getWidth(null)) graphic.drawImage(destImage, 0, (height - destImage.getHeight(null)) / 2, destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null), Color.white, null); else graphic.drawImage(destImage, (width - destImage.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0, destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null), Color.white, null); graphic.dispose(); destImage = image; } return (BufferedImage) destImage; } /** * 产生带有图片的二维码缓冲图像 * @param content * @param width * @param height * @param srcImagePath * @return * @throws WriterException * @throws IOException */ private static BufferedImage genBarcode(String content, int width, int height, String srcImagePath) throws WriterException, IOException { // 读取源图像 BufferedImage scaleImage = scale(srcImagePath, IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT, true); int[][] srcPixels = new int[IMAGE_WIDTH][IMAGE_HEIGHT]; for (int i = 0; i < scaleImage.getWidth(); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < scaleImage.getHeight(); j++) { srcPixels[i][j] = scaleImage.getRGB(i, j); } } Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hint = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>(); hint.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK"); hint.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); // 生成二维码 MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter(); BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hint); // 二维矩阵转为一维像素数组 int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2; int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2; int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) { for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) { // 读取图片 if (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH) { pixels[y * width + x] = srcPixels[x - halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH][y - halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH]; } // 在图片四周形成边框 else if ((x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH) || (x > halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH) || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH && y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH) || (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH && y > halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)) { pixels[y * width + x] = 0xfffffff; } else { // 此处可以修改二维码的颜色,可以分别制定二维码和背景的颜色; pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? 0xff000000 : 0xfffffff; } } } BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels); return image; } public static void main(String[] args) { String imgPath = "d:/pr1.jpg"; String contents = "你好,李四! welcome to zxing!" + "\n李四的博客[http://my.oschina.net/cloudcoder]" + "\nEmail[xxx@163.com]"; // 普通二维码的生成与解析 PRUtil.encodePR(contents, 300, 300, imgPath); System.out.println("生成二维码成功"); System.out.println(PRUtil.decodePR(imgPath)); // 带图片的二维的生成与解析 imgPath = "d:/pr2.png"; String srcPath = "d:/src.jpg"; PRUtil.encodePR(contents, 300, 300, srcPath,imgPath); System.out.println("生成带图片的二维码成功"); System.out.println(PRUtil.decodePR(imgPath)); // 条形码的生成与解析 imgPath = "d:/bar.png"; PRUtil.encodeBar("6923450657713", 105, 50, imgPath); System.out.println("生成条形码成功"); System.out.println(PRUtil.decodeBar(imgPath)); } }
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.test</groupId> <artifactId>qrcode</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>qrcode</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>3.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>