第九节（20180421）-CSDN博客

一、类，面向对象一个很重要的载体

1. 类的定义

class StuentName(object):

pass

2. 类里面一般都是由很多函数组成，函数的第一个参数默认都是self

如果需要全局变量，就在类的内部直接定义

3. 类的内部在调用函数或者调用变量的时候，必须使用self.变量或者self.函数

self 代表的是类实例化以后的个体

4.类的实例化

实例化类的首字母小写作为实例，然后类实例化

studentName = StudentName();

5. 构造器

6. 继承

'''

class A(object):

name = "ajing"

def hello(self):

print("hello {0}".format(self.name))

def test(self):

self.hello()

print("This is test.")

a = A()

b = A()

2.类的构造器说明

类的构造器就是类在初始化的时候，首先，必须要执行的函数

举例：

class A(object):

def __init__(self, name):

self.name = name

print("init class A")

def hello(self):

print("hello {0}".format(self.name))

a = A("ajing")

a.hello()

3.继承 spuer用法

重写

调用：先去找子类中的方法，如果子类中找不到对应的方法，就是父类中找

多继承：如果父类中都有该方法，那么先继承谁，就用谁的方法。

案例一：

class Animal(object):

def __init__(self, name):

print("你现在正在初始化一个Animal")

def run(self):

print("Animal can run.")

class Bird(Animal):

def __init__(self):

print("bird")

def fly(self):

print("Bird can fly.")

class Cat(Animal):

def __init__(self, name, sex):

self.name = name

self.sex = sex

super(Cat, self).__init__(self.name)

print("我是一只猫，啦啦啦啦")

def jiao(self):

print("miao miao miao miao")

def run(self):

print("我是一只猫，会上树来会跑路.")

class BianYi(Cat, Bird):

pass

# animal = Animal()

# cat = Cat()

# cat.run()

# bianYi = BianYi()

cat = Cat("mao", "man")

执行效果：

补充知识点。

java 中的set和get方法

private host;

private port;

public getHost():

return host

public setHost(String host):

this.host = host

案例二：

import codecs


class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, id, name, score):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name
        self.score = score



class InitStduents():
    def __init__(self):
        self.students = list()
        self.init()
    def init(self):
        self.students.append(Student(1001, "aaa", 59))
        self.students.append(Student(1002, "bbb", 96))
        self.students.append(Student(1003, "ccc", 87))
        self.students.append(Student(1004, "ddd", 89))
        self.students.append(Student(1005, "eee", 33))
        self.students.append(Student(1006, "fff", 85))
        self.students.append(Student(1007, "ggg", 78))
        self.students.append(Student(1008, "hhh", 97))
        self.students.append(Student(1009, "iii", 31))
        self.students.append(Student(1010, "jjj", 93))

    def sort(self):
        return sorted(self.students, key=lambda student: student.score)

    def writeFile(self, newStudents):
        with codecs.open("sortStudent.txt", "w")as f:
            for i in newStudents:
                f.write("id = {0}".format(i.id))
                f.write("\t")
                f.write("name = {0}".format(i.name))
                f.write("\t")
                f.write("score = {0}".format(i.score))
                f.write("\n")


def main():
    students = InitStduents()
    newStudents = students.sort()
    students.writeFile(newStudents)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

执行效果：

案例三：阶乘

class JinCinCount(object):
    def __init__(self, n):
        self.n = n
    def jc(self, n):
        result = 1
        if n == 0:
            return result
        else:
            for i in range(1, n+1):
                result *= i
            return result
    def count(self):
        count = 0
        for i in range(0, int(self.n) + 1):
            count += self.jc(i)
        print("count = {0}".format(count))

def main():
    n = input("Please inpurt a number: ")
    jinCinCount = JinCinCount(int(n))
    jinCinCount.count()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

执行效果：