关于WPF template使用FindName查找控件方法问题。

这个方法在Window内使用是没有问题的。代码如下：

<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp1"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" Background="Yellow">
    <Window.Resources>
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="100"/>
            <Setter Property="Width" Value="200"/>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Black"/>
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="2"/>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="1"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                        <Border x:Name="border" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}"
                                BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" CornerRadius="10">
                            <Grid>
                                <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                    <RowDefinition/>
                                    <RowDefinition/>
                                </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                    <ColumnDefinition/>
                                    <ColumnDefinition/>
                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <TextBlock x:Name="text1" Text="111" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="18"/>
                                <TextBlock x:Name="text2" Text="222" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="18" Grid.Column="1"/>
                                <TextBlock x:Name="text3" Text="333" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="18" Grid.Row="1"/>
                                <TextBlock x:Name="text4" Text="444" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="18" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1"/>
                            </Grid>
                        </Border>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                                <Setter Property="BorderBrush" TargetName="border" Value="#FF8AABF8"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>

        <SolidColorBrush x:Key="RecFill" Color="Red"></SolidColorBrush>
        <SolidColorBrush x:Key="RecStroke" Color="LightBlue"></SolidColorBrush>
        <Style x:Key="CloseButtonStyle" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Black"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="White"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                        <Grid>
                            <Ellipse x:Name="Rec" Width="18" Height="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"></Ellipse>
                            <TextBlock x:Name="text" Text="×" FontWeight="Bold" Margin="0,0,0,3" FontSize="20" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"></TextBlock>
                        </Grid>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
                                <Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="Rec" Value="{StaticResource RecFill}"/>
                                <Setter Property="Foreground" TargetName="text" Value="White"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
            <Setter Property="Width" Value="100"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="25"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Background" Value="#2347BF"/>

            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="5,0,0,0"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Height" Value="30"/>
            <Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1,1,4,1"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
                        <Border x:Name="Border" CornerRadius="10" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Margin="5,0,1,5" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}">
                            <Grid>
                                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*"></ColumnDefinition>
                                    <ColumnDefinition Width="25"></ColumnDefinition>
                                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ContentPresenter x:Name="TabItemContent" Grid.Column="0" ContentSource="Header" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalAlignment}" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalAlignment}"></ContentPresenter>
                                <Button  x:Name ="btn_CloseItem" Grid.Column="1"   Style="{StaticResource CloseButtonStyle}" Click="btn_Close_Click"></Button>
                            </Grid>
                        </Border>
                        <ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                            <Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="true">
                                <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold"></Setter>
                                <Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background" Value="white"/>
                                <Setter Property="TextElement.Foreground" Value="Black" TargetName="TabItemContent"/>
                            </Trigger>
                        </ControlTemplate.Triggers>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>

        <Style TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
            <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
            <Setter Property="Template">
                <Setter.Value>
                    <ControlTemplate TargetType="TabControl">
                        <Grid>
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="5*"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="61*"/>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                                <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                            <Border Grid.Row="1" BorderThickness="2,0,2,2"  CornerRadius="15" Background="Transparent" Grid.ColumnSpan="2" Margin="5 0 5 0">
                                <ContentPresenter ContentSource="SelectedContent" />
                            </Border>
                            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="0" Panel.ZIndex="1" IsItemsHost="true" Grid.ColumnSpan="2"/>
                        </Grid>
                    </ControlTemplate>
                </Setter.Value>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>

    <Button x:Name="btn"  Click="Button_Click"/>

</Window>

后台代码：

private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            TextBlock text = this.btn.Template.FindName("text1", this.btn) as TextBlock;//查找与此模板中定义的指定名称关联的元素

            text.Text = "One";

            Grid grid = text.Parent as Grid;//获取模板内（text）控件的逻辑父元素
            (grid.Children[1] as TextBlock).Text = "Two";
            (grid.Children[2] as TextBlock).Text = "Three";
            (grid.Children[3] as TextBlock).Text = "Four";
        }

显示结果：

可是如果这个方法在UserControl中使用，是找不到模板中的控件的。

        //
        // 摘要:
        //     查找与此模板中定义的指定名称关联的元素。
        //
        // 参数:
        //   name:
        //     字符串名称。
        //
        //   templatedParent:
        //     应用此模板的 System.Windows.FrameworkElement 的上下文。
        //
        // 返回结果:
        //     与指定名称关联的元素。
        public object FindName(string name, FrameworkElement templatedParent);

 原因是控件初始化时还未生成，如果想占用这种方法设置ControlTtemplate中的属性。要把它放到Load方法中。这么使用就可以了。

 函数中已找到模板中的Button，这样就可以后台修改属性了。