Servlet3.0新特性之异步请求实践

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 10:47:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 10:47:48 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chunxiaqiudong5/article/details/52840289

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异步处理准许Servlet重新发起一条新线程区调用耗时的业务方法，可以避免等待。

Servlet3.0的异步处理时通过AsyncContext类来处理的，Servlet可以通过ServletRequest的如下两个方法开启异步调用，创建AsyncContext对象

AsyncContext startAsync()

AsyncContext startAsync(ServletRequest ,ServletResponse)

重复调用上面的方法将得到同一个AsyncContext对象。AsyncContext对象代表异步处理的上下文，它提供了一些工具方法，可以完成设置异步调用的超时时间，dispatch用于请求、启动后台线程、获取request、response对象等功能。

package com.xxx.action;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet(name="async",urlPatterns="/async",asyncSupported=true)
public class AsyncServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=GBK");
		PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
		out.println("<title>异步调用示例</title>");
		out.println("进入servlet的时间："+new Date()+"<br/>");
		out.flush();
		//创建AsyncContext，开始异步调用
		AsyncContext actx=request.startAsync();
		//设置异步调用的超时时间
		actx.setTimeout(30*1000);
		//启动异步调用的线程
		actx.start(new Executor(actx));
		out.println("结束servlet的时间："+new Date()+"<br/>");
		out.flush();
		
	}

	
	
}

package com.xxx.action;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

public class Executor implements Runnable {

	private AsyncContext actx=null;
	
	public Executor() {
	}

	public Executor(AsyncContext actx) {
		super();
		this.actx = actx;
	}


	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			Thread.sleep(5*1000);
			ServletRequest request=actx.getRequest();
			List<String> books=new ArrayList<String>();
			books.add("book1");
			books.add("book2");
			request.setAttribute("books", books);
			actx.dispatch("/async.jsp");
			
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GBK"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'async.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
  
  <body>
<ul>
<c:forEach items="${books}" var="book">
	<li>${book}</li>
</c:forEach>
</ul>
   <% out.println("业务调用结束的时间："+new java.util.Date()); 
   //完成异步调用
   request.getAsyncContext().complete();
   %>
  </body>
</html>

为servlet开启异步调用有两种方式：

@WebServlet指定asyncSupported=true

在web.xml文件的<servlet>元素中添加<async-supported.../>子元素

通过web.xml文件中配置

 <servlet>
 	<servlet-name>async</servlet-name>
 	<servlet-class>com.xxx.action.AsyncServlet</servlet-class>
 	<!-- 开启异步调用支持 -->
 	<async-supported>true</async-supported>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
 	<servlet-name>async</servlet-name>
 	<url-pattern>/async</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>