事实上,redis是支持多进程与多线程的(从2.x?之后),而不是网上千篇一律的redis单线程单进程。
多进程分析:
int rdbSaveBackground(char *filename) { pid_t childpid; long long start; if (server.rdb_child_pid != -1) return REDIS_ERR; server.dirty_before_bgsave = server.dirty; server.lastbgsave_try = time(NULL); start = ustime(); if ((childpid = fork()) == 0) { int retval; /* Child */ if (server.ipfd > 0) close(server.ipfd); if (server.sofd > 0) close(server.sofd); retval = rdbSave(filename); if (retval == REDIS_OK) { size_t private_dirty = zmalloc_get_private_dirty(); if (private_dirty) { redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE, "RDB: %zu MB of memory used by copy-on-write", private_dirty/(1024*1024)); } } exitFromChild((retval == REDIS_OK) ? 0 : 1); } else { /* Parent */ server.stat_fork_time = ustime()-start; if (childpid == -1) { server.lastbgsave_status = REDIS_ERR; redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Can't save in background: fork: %s", strerror(errno)); return REDIS_ERR; } redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"Background saving started by pid %d",childpid); server.rdb_save_time_start = time(NULL); server.rdb_child_pid = childpid; updateDictResizePolicy(); return REDIS_OK; } return REDIS_OK; /* unreached */ }
redis对cache落盘时有save和bgsave两种方式。bgsave将会fork()出一个后台进程。关键在于这一行代码:if ((childpid = fork()) == 0)
而redis的多线程是怎么实现的呢?
在bio.h里有几行关键的代码。
/* Background job opcodes */ #define REDIS_BIO_CLOSE_FILE 0 /* Deferred close(2) syscall. */ #define REDIS_BIO_AOF_FSYNC 1 /* Deferred AOF fsync. */ #define REDIS_BIO_NUM_OPS 2
这里,redis定义了background IO job数量为2。可以大胆地猜测,background job的数量会随着这个server软件的复杂度而增加,甚至,会把bio提升成为background job层面。
那么,这两个线程是如何生成的呢?
/* Initialize the background system, spawning the thread. */ void bioInit(void) { pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_t thread; size_t stacksize; int j; /* Initialization of state vars and objects */ for (j = 0; j < REDIS_BIO_NUM_OPS; j++) { pthread_mutex_init(&bio_mutex[j],NULL); pthread_cond_init(&bio_condvar[j],NULL); bio_jobs[j] = listCreate(); bio_pending[j] = 0; } /* Set the stack size as by default it may be small in some system */ pthread_attr_init(&attr); pthread_attr_getstacksize(&attr,&stacksize); if (!stacksize) stacksize = 1; /* The world is full of Solaris Fixes */ while (stacksize < REDIS_THREAD_STACK_SIZE) stacksize *= 2; pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, stacksize); /* Ready to spawn our threads. We use the single argument the thread * function accepts in order to pass the job ID the thread is * responsible of. */ for (j = 0; j < REDIS_BIO_NUM_OPS; j++) { void *arg = (void*)(unsigned long) j; if (pthread_create(&thread,&attr,bioProcessBackgroundJobs,arg) != 0) { redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Fatal: Can't initialize Background Jobs."); exit(1); } } }
这里的
/* Ready to spawn our threads. We use the single argument the thread * function accepts in order to pass the job ID the thread is * responsible of. */ for (j = 0; j < REDIS_BIO_NUM_OPS; j++) { void *arg = (void*)(unsigned long) j; if (pthread_create(&thread,&attr,bioProcessBackgroundJobs,arg) != 0) { redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Fatal: Can't initialize Background Jobs."); exit(1); } }
创建了REDIS_BIO_NUM_OPS个线程。
这两个线程的入口函数都是bioProcessBackgroundJobs,那reds怎么知道到底是要对应REDIS_BIO_CLOSE_FILE类型还是对应REDIS_BIO_AOF_FSYNC呢?
我们看一下代码。
void *bioProcessBackgroundJobs(void *arg) { struct bio_job *job; unsigned long type = (unsigned long) arg; sigset_t sigset; pthread_detach(pthread_self()); pthread_mutex_lock(&bio_mutex[type]); /* Block SIGALRM so we are sure that only the main thread will * receive the watchdog signal. */ sigemptyset(&sigset); sigaddset(&sigset, SIGALRM); if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL)) redisLog(REDIS_WARNING, "Warning: can't mask SIGALRM in bio.c thread: %s", strerror(errno)); while(1) { listNode *ln; /* The loop always starts with the lock hold. */ if (listLength(bio_jobs[type]) == 0) { pthread_cond_wait(&bio_condvar[type],&bio_mutex[type]); continue; } /* Pop the job from the queue. */ ln = listFirst(bio_jobs[type]); job = ln->value; /* It is now possible to unlock the background system as we know have * a stand alone job structure to process.*/ pthread_mutex_unlock(&bio_mutex[type]); /* Process the job accordingly to its type. */ if (type == REDIS_BIO_CLOSE_FILE) { close((long)job->arg1); } else if (type == REDIS_BIO_AOF_FSYNC) { aof_fsync((long)job->arg1); } else { redisPanic("Wrong job type in bioProcessBackgroundJobs()."); } zfree(job); /* Lock again before reiterating the loop, if there are no longer * jobs to process we'll block again in pthread_cond_wait(). */ pthread_mutex_lock(&bio_mutex[type]); listDelNode(bio_jobs[type],ln); bio_pending[type]--; } }
关键就在以下代码。
/* Process the job accordingly to its type. */ if (type == REDIS_BIO_CLOSE_FILE) { close((long)job->arg1); } else if (type == REDIS_BIO_AOF_FSYNC) { aof_fsync((long)job->arg1); } else { redisPanic("Wrong job type in bioProcessBackgroundJobs()."); }
明白了吗?:)