Android10/11/12/13 Uri与真实路径转换--全适配

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 23:14:16 发布

锐湃

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-06 23:14:16 发布

阅读量1.3k

点赞数

分类专栏：资源操作文章标签： gitee

资源操作专栏收录该内容

64 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

工具类FileUtils ：

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Build.VERSION;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Locale;
 
public class FileUtils {
    private static final String TAG = "FileUtils";
    private static SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmssSS");
 
    private FileUtils() {
    }
 
    public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    public static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
        return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        String column = "_data";
        String[] projection = new String[]{"_data"};
 
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, (String)null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("_data");
                String var8 = cursor.getString(column_index);
                return var8;
            }
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException var12) {
            Log.i("FileUtils", String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "getDataColumn: _data - [%s]", var12.getMessage()));
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
 
        }
 
        return null;
    }
 
    @SuppressLint({"NewApi"})
    public static String getPath(Context context, Uri uri) {
        boolean isKitKat = VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19;
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            String id;
            String[] split;
            String type;
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                split = id.split(":");
                type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(id)) {
                    try {
                        Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
                        return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, (String)null, (String[])null);
                    } catch (NumberFormatException var9) {
                        Log.i("FileUtils", var9.getMessage());
                        return null;
                    }
                }
            } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                split = id.split(":");
                type = split[0];
                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = android.provider.MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = android.provider.MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }
 
                String selection = "_id=?";
                String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, "_id=?", selectionArgs);
            }
        } else {
            if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
                if (isGooglePhotosUri(uri)) {
                    return uri.getLastPathSegment();
                }
 
                return getDataColumn(context, uri, (String)null, (String[])null);
            }
 
            if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
                return uri.getPath();
            }
        }
 
        return null;
    }
 
    public static boolean copyFile(FileInputStream fileInputStream, String outFilePath) throws IOException {
        if (fileInputStream == null) {
            return false;
        } else {
            FileChannel inputChannel = null;
            FileChannel outputChannel = null;
 
            boolean var5;
            try {
                inputChannel = fileInputStream.getChannel();
                outputChannel = (new FileOutputStream(new File(outFilePath))).getChannel();
                inputChannel.transferTo(0L, inputChannel.size(), outputChannel);
                inputChannel.close();
                boolean var4 = true;
                return var4;
            } catch (Exception var9) {
                var5 = false;
            } finally {
                if (fileInputStream != null) {
                    fileInputStream.close();
                }
 
                if (inputChannel != null) {
                    inputChannel.close();
                }
 
                if (outputChannel != null) {
                    outputChannel.close();
                }
 
            }
 
            return var5;
        }
    }
 
    public static void copyFile(@NonNull String pathFrom, @NonNull String pathTo) throws IOException {
        if (!pathFrom.equalsIgnoreCase(pathTo)) {
            FileChannel outputChannel = null;
            FileChannel inputChannel = null;
 
            try {
                inputChannel = (new FileInputStream(new File(pathFrom))).getChannel();
                outputChannel = (new FileOutputStream(new File(pathTo))).getChannel();
                inputChannel.transferTo(0L, inputChannel.size(), outputChannel);
                inputChannel.close();
            } finally {
                if (inputChannel != null) {
                    inputChannel.close();
                }
 
                if (outputChannel != null) {
                    outputChannel.close();
                }
 
            }
 
        }
    }
 
    public static String getCreateFileName(String prefix) {
        long millis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        return prefix + sf.format(millis);
    }
 
    public static String getCreateFileName() {
        long millis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        return sf.format(millis);
    }
 
    public static String rename(String fileName) {
        String temp = fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        String suffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
        return temp + "_" + getCreateFileName() + suffix;
    }
}

一、第一种实现

 
 
    /**
     * 根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10
     *
     * @param context
     * @param imageUri
     */
    public static String getFileAbsolutePath(Context context, Uri imageUri) {
        if (context == null || imageUri == null) {
            return null;
        }
 
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
            return getRealFilePath(context, imageUri);
        }
 
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, imageUri)) {
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(imageUri)) {
                String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
                String[] split = docId.split(":");
                String type = split[0];
                if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                    return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                }
            } else if (isDownloadsDocument(imageUri)) {
                String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
                Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
            } else if (isMediaDocument(imageUri)) {
                String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
                String[] split = docId.split(":");
                String type = split[0];
                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                }
                String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";
                String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
            }
        }
         // MediaStore (and general)
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q){
            return uriToFileApiQ(context,imageUri);
        }
        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
            // Return the remote address
            if (isGooglePhotosUri(imageUri)) {
                return imageUri.getLastPathSegment();
            }
            return getDataColumn(context, imageUri, null, null);
        }
        // File
        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
            return imageUri.getPath();
        }
        return null;
    }
 
    //此方法 只能用于4.4以下的版本
    private static String getRealFilePath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
        if (null == uri) {
            return null;
        }
        final String scheme = uri.getScheme();
        String data = null;
        if (scheme == null) {
            data = uri.getPath();
        } else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(scheme)) {
            data = uri.getPath();
        } else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) {
            String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA};
            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);
 
//            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA}, null, null, null);
            if (null != cursor) {
                if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA);
                    if (index > -1) {
                        data = cursor.getString(index);
                    }
                }
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return data;
    }
 
 
    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;
        String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(index);
            }
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
 
    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
     */
    private static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
        return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }
 
 
    /**
     * Android 10 以上适配 另一种写法
     * @param context
     * @param uri
     * @return
     */
    private static String getFileFromContentUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
        if (uri == null) {
            return null;
        }
        String filePath;
        String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA, MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME};
        ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, filePathColumn, null,
                null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            try {
                filePath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]));
                return filePath;
            } catch (Exception e) {
            } finally {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
 
    /**
     * Android 10 以上适配
     * @param context
     * @param uri
     * @return
     */
    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
    private static String uriToFileApiQ(Context context, Uri uri) {
        File file = null;
        //android10以上转换
        if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)) {
            file = new File(uri.getPath());
        } else if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {
            //把文件复制到沙盒目录
            ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
            Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));
                try {
                    InputStream is = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
                    File cache = new File(context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath(), Math.round((Math.random() + 1) * 1000) + displayName);
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(cache);
                    FileUtils.copy(is, fos);
                    file = cache;
                    fos.close();
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return file.getAbsolutePath();
    }
 
 
/**
     * 通过文件路径 uri的转字符也可以
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     */
    public static String getMimeType(String filePath) {
        String ext = MimeTypeMap.getFileExtensionFromUrl(filePath);
        return MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getMimeTypeFromExtension(ext);
    }

二、第二种通用实现（目前文件选择贼好用-部分需大家测试验证，安卓10及以下使用无问题，11，12官方有对应的区分）

/**
     * Android 10 以上适配 另一种写法
     * @param context
     * @param uri
     * @return
     */
    @SuppressLint("Range")
    public static String getFileFromContentUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
        if (uri == null) {
            return null;
        }
        String filePath;
        String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DATA, MediaStore.DownloadColumns.DISPLAY_NAME};
        ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, filePathColumn, null,
                null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            try {
                filePath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]));
                return filePath;
            } catch (Exception e) {
            } finally {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

新方式兼容安卓13通用实现：

public static String getRealPathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
        String filePath = "";
        String scheme = uri.getScheme();
        if (scheme == null)
            filePath = uri.getPath();
        else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(scheme)) {
            filePath = uri.getPath();
        } else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) {
            String[] proj = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
            Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, proj, null, null, null);
            if (cursor != null) {
                if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
                    filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
                }
                cursor.close();
            }
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(filePath)) {
                filePath = getFilePathForNonMediaUri(context, uri);
            }
        }
        return filePath;
    }
 
    //非媒体文件中查找
    private static String getFilePathForNonMediaUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
        String filePath = "";
        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("_data");
                filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return filePath;
    }

三、Path 转Uri

    public static Uri toUri(Context context,String filePath) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
            return FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, context.getApplicationInfo().packageName + ".fileprovider", new File(filePath));
        }
        return Uri.fromFile(new File(filePath));
    }

四，file_paths文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths>
        <root-path
            name="root"
            path="" />
        <files-path
            name="files"
            path="" />
 
        <cache-path
            name="cache"
            path="" />
 
        <external-path
            name="external"
            path="" />
 
        <external-files-path
            name="external_file_path"
            path="" />
        <external-cache-path
            name="external_cache_path"
            path="" />
    </paths>
</resources>

五、mainfest 文件配置

<provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="你的包名.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true"
            tools:replace="android:authorities">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

六、Android 10 的坑：
从Android10（API 29）开始，App层没有访问此路径的权限（即：

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()

官方提供的临时解决方案是在 Android Manifest 清单文件添加如下配置

七、Android 11 的坑：

需要增加：Manifest.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 权限

步骤：

在AndroidManifest.xml中声明MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。

发出一个action为Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION的Intent，引导用户手动授权。

调用Environment.isExternalStorageManager()来判断用户是否已授权。

————————————————
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「名字太低调...」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/houdada_/article/details/107587762

锐湃

关注

0
点赞
踩
6

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
Android10/11/12/13 Uri与真实路径转换--全适配

发出一个action为Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION的Intent，引导用户手动授权。原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/houdada_/article/details/107587762。需要增加：Manifest.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 权限。在AndroidManifest.xml中声明MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。
复制链接

扫一扫