Struts、Spring、Hibernate整合

最新推荐文章于 2019-12-01 12:51:36 发布

chww704

最新推荐文章于 2019-12-01 12:51:36 发布

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Struts、Spring、Hibernate整合

一、创建web工程，搭建Struts框架开发环境：

这里只导入了项目中所需要的重要的jar包，以后根据业务要求继续导入相关的包。

步骤1：导入struts框架所需的jar包

步骤2：在web.xml中配置struts2.0主过滤器

步骤3：导入struts.xml配置文件

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee";

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance";

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">;

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">;

</package>

</struts>

二、搭建Hibernate开发环境：

创建数据库：

这里只导入了项目中所需要的重要的jar包，以后根据业务要求继续导入相关的包。

工程目录：

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">;

<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>

<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>

<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xbmuoa</property>

<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

<!-- 根据映射产生表结构的类型 :

create-drop: 木有表结构创建，下次启动时删除重新创建。适合学习阶段

create ：只做创建

update ：探测表结构够的变化，对于数据库没有的，进行更新操作。适合学习阶段

validate ：对比与数据库的结构

-->

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

Person.hbm.xml （暂时性先写个映射文件的模板）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">;

<hibernate-mapping package="cn.xbmu.oa.domain">

</hibernate-mapping>

三、搭建Spring开发环境：

这里只导入了项目中所需要的重要的jar包，以后根据业务要求继续导入相关的包。

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" ;

xmlns:xsi=" http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ; xmlns:context=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" ;

xmlns:tx=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" ;

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">;

<context:component-scan base-package="cn.xbmu.oa"></context:component-scan>

</beans>

以上已经将Struts、Spring、Hibernate开发所需要的jar包及其配置文件已经配置到web工程中了。

接下来，我们两两整合在一起。

四、Spring与Hibernate整合：

让Spring来管理SessionFactory和事务。

工程目录：

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"; xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"; xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context";

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx";

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">;

<context:component-scan base-package="cn.xbmu.oa"></context:component-scan>

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

</bean>

</bean>

</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

</beans>

jdbc.properties

jdbcUrl = jdbc:mysql:///xbmuoa

driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

username= root

password= root

SpringTest.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.test;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringTest {

private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

// 测试 SessionFactory

@Test

public void testSessionFactory(){

SessionFactory sessionFactory = (SessionFactory) ac.getBean("sessionFactory");

System.out.println(sessionFactory);

}

使用Junit测试，结果：

启动tomcat没有报错，说明以上环境的搭建都完全正确，并进行测试，也没有报错。

User.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.domain;

public class User {

private Long id;

private String name;

public Long getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Long id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC

"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">;

<hibernate-mapping package="cn.xbmu.oa.domain">

</id>

</class>

</hibernate-mapping>

记得在hibernate.cfg.xml文件中引入映射文件。

TestService.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.hibernate.classic.Session;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import cn.xbmu.oa.domain.User;

@Service("testService")

public class TestService {

@Resource

private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

@Transactional

public void saveTwoUser(){

Session currentSession = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();

currentSession.save(new User());

int i = 1 / 0;// 这里会抛出异常

currentSession.save(new User());

}

SpringTest.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.test;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class SpringTest {

private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

// 测试 SessionFactory

@Test

public void testSessionFactory(){

SessionFactory sessionFactory = (SessionFactory) ac.getBean("sessionFactory");

System.out.println(sessionFactory);

}

// 测试事务

@Test

public void testTransaction(){

TestService testService = (TestService) ac.getBean("testService");

testService.saveTwoUser();

}

测试事务，报错，因为在 int i = 1 / 0这里发生了异常。

查询数据库xbmuoa中的表，没有数据

我们注释掉 int i = 1 / 0; 这句代码，重新测试，成功。

查询user表，里面已经有了保存的数据

我们，继续打开抛异常的语句，再测试；再注释抛异常的代码，再测试。查看表中的数据，发现了事务回滚了。

到此为止，我们顺利的将Spring与Hibernate整合在一起了。并测试了SessionFactory与事务，都正常。

五、Spring与Struts整合：

为了说明白，我们在整合之前写个Action，整合之后写个Action，看看他们之间的区别：

整合之前：

TestAction.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.test;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println("---------->TestAction execute()");

return "success";

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

" http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> ;

</action>

</package>

</struts>

test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

Struts2.0 添加成功 <br/>

</body>

</html>

运行：

整合之后：

导入jar包，已经完成了整合

TestAction.java

package cn.xbmu.oa.test;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

@Controller

@Scope("prototype")

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport {

@Override

public String execute() throws Exception {

System.out.println("---------->TestAction execute()");

return "success";

}

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"

" http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> ;

</action>

</package>

</struts>

在浏览器上运行：http://localhost:8080/xbmuoa/test.action

发现，在控制台上报错，信息如下：

严重 : ********** FATAL ERROR STARTING UP STRUTS-SPRING INTEGRATION **********

Looks like the Spring listener was not configured for your web app!

Nothing will work until WebApplicationContextUtils returns a valid ApplicationContext.

You might need to add the following to web.xml:

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

四月 03, 2016 9:48:27 下午 com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.logging.commons.CommonsLogger error

严重 : Dispatcher initialization failed

java.lang.NullPointerException

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.getClassInstance(SpringObjectFactory.java:209)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyResultType(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:519)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addResultTypes(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:490)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:446)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:264)

at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:193)

at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:279)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:260)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:105)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4854)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5542)

at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)

at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)

at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:649)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1245)

at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1895)

at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)

at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)

at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)

at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)

at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)

四月 03, 2016 9:48:27 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart

严重 : Exception starting filter struts2

Class: com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory

File: SpringObjectFactory.java

Method: getClassInstance

Line: 209 - com/opensymphony/xwork2/spring/SpringObjectFactory.java:209:-1

at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:431)