两个网络工具tcpdump与iperf

tcpdump(Linux下面的抓包工具)支持针对网络层,协议,主机,端口的过滤并提供and,or,not等逻辑语句筛选有用信息。如下面示例,抓取web服务器(80端口)接收到的前三个请求包并打印成16进制与ASCII文本内容

常用的参数:

-i 指定网络设备

dst/src 目的/源

host/port 主机/端口

-c 抓包数目

-s 抓包长度(0为自动适配)

-X 十六进制打印

...

vm6245:~ # tcpdump -i eth0 dst host 10.6.2.245 and src 10.6.2.11 and port 80 -X -s 0 -c 3
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
16:48:42.273366 IP 192.168.197.118.20038 > 10.6.2.245.http: S 1455277500:1455277500(0) win 8192 <mss 1460,nop,wscale 2,nop,nop,sackOK>
        0x0000:  4500 0034 15ca 4000 7f06 52e0 c0a8 c576  E..4..@...R....v
        0x0010:  0a06 02f5 4e46 0050 56bd c5bc 0000 0000  ....NF.PV.......
        0x0020:  8002 2000 50ec 0000 0204 05b4 0103 0302  ....P...........
        0x0030:  0101 0402                                ....
16:48:42.273836 IP 192.168.197.118.20038 > 10.6.2.245.http: . ack 1726625741 win 16425
        0x0000:  4500 0028 15cb 4000 7f06 52eb c0a8 c576  E..(..@...R....v
        0x0010:  0a06 02f5 4e46 0050 56bd c5bd 66ea 37cd  ....NF.PV...f.7.
        0x0020:  5010 4029 d2c8 0000                      P.@)....
16:48:42.274379 IP 192.168.197.118.20038 > 10.6.2.245.http: P 0:376(376) ack 1 win 16425
        0x0000:  4500 01a0 15cc 4000 7f06 5172 c0a8 c576  E.....@...Qr...v
        0x0010:  0a06 02f5 4e46 0050 56bd c5bd 66ea 37cd  ....NF.PV...f.7.
        0x0020:  5018 4029 a912 0000 4745 5420 2f20 4854  P.@)....GET./.HT
        0x0030:  5450 2f31 2e31 0d0a 486f 7374 3a20 3130  TP/1.1..Host:.10
        0x0040:  2e36 2e32 2e32 3435 0d0a 5573 6572 2d41  .6.2.245..User-A
        0x0050:  6765 6e74 3a20 4d6f 7a69 6c6c 612f 352e  gent:.Mozilla/5.
        0x0060:  3020 2857 696e 646f 7773 204e 5420 362e  0.(Windows.NT.6.
        0x0070:  313b 2072 763a 3133 2e30 2920 4765 636b  1;.rv:13.0).Geck
        0x0080:  6f2f 3230 3130 3031 3031 2046 6972 6566  o/20100101.Firef
        0x0090:  6f78 2f31 332e 302e 310d 0a41 6363 6570  ox/13.0.1..Accep
        0x00a0:  743a 2074 6578 742f 6874 6d6c 2c61 7070  t:.text/html,app
        0x00b0:  6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 2f78 6874 6d6c 2b78  lication/xhtml+x
        0x00c0:  6d6c 2c61 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 2f78  ml,application/x
        0x00d0:  6d6c 3b71 3d30 2e39 2c2a 2f2a 3b71 3d30  ml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0
        0x00e0:  2e38 0d0a 4163 6365 7074 2d4c 616e 6775  .8..Accept-Langu
        0x00f0:  6167 653a 207a 682d 636e 2c7a 683b 713d  age:.zh-cn,zh;q=
        0x0100:  302e 382c 656e 2d75 733b 713d 302e 352c  0.8,en-us;q=0.5,
        0x0110:  656e 3b71 3d30 2e33 0d0a 4163 6365 7074  en;q=0.3..Accept
        0x0120:  2d45 6e63 6f64 696e 673a 2067 7a69 702c  -Encoding:.gzip,
        0x0130:  2064 6566 6c61 7465 0d0a 436f 6e6e 6563  .deflate..Connec
        0x0140:  7469 6f6e 3a20 6b65 6570 2d61 6c69 7665  tion:.keep-alive
        0x0150:  0d0a 4966 2d4d 6f64 6966 6965 642d 5369  ..If-Modified-Si
        0x0160:  6e63 653a 2054 7565 2c20 3234 204a 756c  nce:.Tue,.24.Jul
        0x0170:  2032 3031 3220 3036 3a34 393a 3034 2047  .2012.06:49:04.G
        0x0180:  4d54 0d0a 4361 6368 652d 436f 6e74 726f  MT..Cache-Contro
        0x0190:  6c3a 206d 6178 2d61 6765 3d30 0d0a 0d0a  l:.max-age=0....
3 packets captured
6 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
还可以添加-w参数将抓包结果保存为本地文件,-r参数可以读取保存结果,-D可以打印本地网络设备信息。

 iperf用于网络测速,需要双方都安装iperf工具

vm6245:~ # iperf -s
------------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[  4] local 10.6.2.245 port 5001 connected with 10.6.2.245 port 46358
[ ID] Interval       Transfer     Bandwidth
[  4]  0.0-30.0 sec  27.9 GBytes  8.00 Gbits/sec
客户端测速方法

vm6245:~ # iperf -c 10.6.2.245 -t 30 -i 2
------------------------------------------------------------
Client connecting to 10.6.2.245, TCP port 5001
TCP window size:  128 KByte (default)
------------------------------------------------------------
[  3] local 10.6.2.245 port 46358 connected with 10.6.2.245 port 5001
[ ID] Interval       Transfer     Bandwidth
[  3]  0.0- 2.0 sec  1.91 GBytes  8.18 Gbits/sec
[  3]  2.0- 4.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.60 Gbits/sec
[  3]  4.0- 6.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.60 Gbits/sec
[  3]  6.0- 8.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3]  8.0-10.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3] 10.0-12.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3] 12.0-14.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3] 14.0-16.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.62 Gbits/sec
[  3] 16.0-18.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.62 Gbits/sec
[  3] 18.0-20.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.62 Gbits/sec
[  3] 20.0-22.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3] 22.0-24.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.60 Gbits/sec
[  3] 24.0-26.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.60 Gbits/sec
[  3] 26.0-28.0 sec  1.77 GBytes  7.61 Gbits/sec
[  3] 28.0-30.0 sec  2.99 GBytes  12.8 Gbits/sec
[  3]  0.0-30.0 sec  27.9 GBytes  8.00 Gbits/sec
上面参数的意义是30秒钟,每2秒测速一次,由于我是测的本机,所以测速结果未免夸张了点,呵呵
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