JavaWeb小教务系统及MVC架构理解

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-13 13:55:40 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-13 13:55:40 发布

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文章标签： servlet java mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cicadaaas/article/details/130894199

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1、结合一个小的教务系统与JavaWeb基本知识加深了MVC架构及JavaWeb项目的理解

2、MVC架构：Model数据层、View展示层、Controller控制层

1）Model层

① 实体类bean pojo

例如这里的 Person实体类 Task实体类用作封装用户信息

public class Task {
    private String taskAccount;
    private String teacherAccount;
    private String taskDate;
    private String taskName;

    public Task() {
    }

    public Task(String taskAccount, String teacherAccount, String taskDate, String taskName) {
        this.taskAccount = taskAccount;
        this.teacherAccount = teacherAccount;
        this.taskDate = taskDate;
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Task{" +
                "taskAccount='" + taskAccount + '\'' +
                ", teacherAccount='" + teacherAccount + '\'' +
                ", taskDate='" + taskDate + '\'' +
                ", taskName='" + taskName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getTaskAccount() {
        return taskAccount;
    }

    public void setTaskAccount(String taskAccount) {
        this.taskAccount = taskAccount;
    }

    public String getTeacherAccount() {
        return teacherAccount;
    }

    public void setTeacherAccount(String teacherAccount) {
        this.teacherAccount = teacherAccount;
    }

    public String getTaskDate() {
        return taskDate;
    }

    public void setTaskDate(String taskDate) {
        this.taskDate = taskDate;
    }

    public String getTaskName() {
        return taskName;
    }

    public void setTaskName(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }
}

②持久层Dao

例如这里的StudentDao TeacherDao UserLoginDao接口及相应实现类

Dao 只负责数据库的 crud 没有其他业务逻辑

public class UserLoginDaoImpl implements UserLoginDao {
    @Override
    public Person getLogin(Person person) throws SQLException {
        //数据库 持久层 具体操作
        String sql = " select * from person where userAccount= '" + person.getUserAccount() + "' and userPassword='" + person.getUserPassword() + "'";
        Connection connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement pre = null;
        ResultSet res = null;
        Person newPerson = null;

        try {
            pre = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            res = pre.executeQuery();
            while (res.next()) {
                newPerson = new Person();
                newPerson.setUserAccount(res.getString("userAccount"));
                newPerson.setUserName(res.getString("userName"));
                newPerson.setUserSex(res.getInt("userSex"));
//                newPerson.setUserBirthday(res.getString("userBirthday"));
                newPerson.setUserIdCard(res.getString("userIdCard"));
                newPerson.setUserPassword(res.getString("userPassword"));
                newPerson.setUserIdentify(res.getInt("userIdentify"));
                newPerson.setUserOtherName(res.getString("userOtherName"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        return newPerson;
    }
}

public class TeacherDaoImpl implements TeacherDao {

    @Override
    public List getAllStudentByTeacherAccount(String userAccount) throws SQLException {

        String sql = "SELECT * from person WHERE userAccount IN(SELECT userAccount FROM userteacher " +
                "WHERE teacherAccount = '" + userAccount + "')";
        return Deal.getAllPerson(sql);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Task> getAllMyTask(String userAccount) throws SQLException {
        /*先在数据库中基本执行 在通过代码动态调整*/
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM task WHERE teacherAccount = '"+userAccount+"'";
        return Deal.getAllMyTask(sql);
    }
}

③ 业务层service

创建相应service接口与其实现类例如UserLoginService UserLoginServiceImpl

public interface UserLoginService {
    Person getLogin(Person person) throws Exception;
}

public class UserLoginServiceImpl implements UserLoginService {

    //创建持久层代码
    UserLoginDaoImpl ud = new UserLoginDaoImpl();
    @Override
    public Person getLogin(Person person) throws Exception {
        return ud.getLogin(person);
    }
}

2）Controller层

Servlet 例如下面的UserLoginServlet

@WebServlet("/userLogin")
public class UserLoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1、首先拿到前端传来的数据
        String userAccount = request.getParameter("userAccount");
        String userPassword = request.getParameter("userPassword");
        Person person = new Person(userAccount, userPassword);
        UserLoginServiceImpl ul = new UserLoginServiceImpl();
        Person newPerson = null;
        try {
            newPerson = ul.getLogin(person);
            if (newPerson != null) {
                HttpSession session = request.getSession();
                session.setAttribute("session_person", newPerson);
//                request.setAttribute("person",newPerson);
                //进入主界面 跳转到main.jsp
                request.setAttribute("mainRight", "blank.jsp");
                request.getRequestDispatcher("main.jsp").forward(request, response);

            } else {
                //继续回到注册界面
                //从后端传回给前端
                //这里  void setAttribute(String var1, Object var2); 采用键值对的形式
                // tip 传回去给后端 后端用${tip} 接受
                request.setAttribute("tip", "账户密码不一致");
                request.getRequestDispatcher("userLogin.jsp").forward(request, response);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3）View层

jsp 例如下面的 userlogin.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2023/5/21
  Time: 15:37
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录界面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/userLogin.css">
</head>
<body>
    <div id="outerLoginFrame">
        <h1>学生管理系统</h1>
        <div id="innerLoginFrame">

            <form action="userLogin" method="post" onclick="return checkLogin()">
                账户：<input type="text" id="userAccount" name="userAccount" class="myText"><br>
                密码：<input type="text" id="userPassword" name="userPassword" class="myText"><br>
                <%--登录--%>
                <input style="width: 140px;margin-left: 40px" type="submit" value="登录">
                <a href="register,jsp" style="width: 140px;margin-left: 20px">注册</a>
                <%--//接受前端传回来的数据--%>
                <span style="color: red;font-size: 15px"  id="tip">${tip}</span>
            </form>

        </div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>

<script>
    function checkLogin(){
        let userAccount = document.getElementById("userAccount").value;
        let userPassword = document.getElementById("userPassword").value;
        if (userAccount==null||userAccount.trim()==""){
            // alert("账户不能为空！");
            document.getElementById("tip").innerHTML = "账户不能为空"
            return false;
        }

        if (userPassword==null||userPassword.trim()==""){
            // alert("密码不能为空！");
            document.getElementById("tip").innerHTML = "密码不能为空"
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
</script>

3、引出 SSM：Spring SpringMVC MyBatis

Spring：项目管理所有对象的创建及维护对象与对象间的关系
SpringMVC：搭建MVC架构
MyBatis：持久层框架

4、小tips:

当动了后端代码要重新启动项目

在IDEA中导入JSTL标签库_jstl怎么导入

在IDEA中导入JSTL标签库_jstl怎么导入_良辰执念的博客-CSDN博客^v88^control,239^v2^insert_chatgpt&utm_term=jaavaweb%E5%AF%BC%E5%85%A5jstl%E5%BA%93&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187

先在数据库中编写查询语句

再通过代码动态调整

@Override
public List<Task> getAllMyTask(String userAccount) throws SQLException {
    /*先在数据库中基本执行 在通过代码动态调整*/
    String sql = "SELECT * FROM task WHERE teacherAccount = '"+userAccount+"'";
    return Deal.getAllMyTask(sql);
}