本地仓库和远程仓库之间的操作

一、创建远程仓库并和本地作关联

在本地打开git bash，然后输入命令ssh-keygen -t rsa：

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "akipa11@163.com"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/c/Users/Jin/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/c/Users/Jin/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /c/Users/Jin/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /c/Users/Jin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:54SycobqhLRV/ElJ2eulF40hv1wANdsjE40KFPlwlNY akipa11@163.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|      .+*o=+o    |
|    . .=.* E=.   |
|     o o* =+=o   |
|    . o .= =oo.  |
| . .  .oS * +    |
|..o  . o * +     |
|... o +   o      |
| . . +           |
| .o              |
+----[SHA256]-----+

此时会在本地目录生成两个文件，id_rsa（私钥）和id_rsa.pub（公钥）

$ cd ~/.ssh

Jin@Jin-PC MINGW64 ~/.ssh
$ ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub

我们把公钥文件id_rsa.pub的内容复制，然后打开你的Github网站，在右上角点击头像，然后选择“Settings”，再选择“SSH and GPG keys”，把刚才复制的公钥内容粘贴到“Key”里面，这样我们就可以进行远程仓库操作了。

在Github上新建一个名为learn_git的仓库：

此时我们就可以从这个仓库克隆出新的仓库，也可以把一个已有的本地仓库与之关联，然后，把本地仓库的内容推送到GitHub仓库。

根据Github的提示，我们在本地的Git bash输入以下命令：

git remote add origin https://github.com/zhangjin0110/learn_git.git

然后就就可以把本地库的所有内容推送到远程库上了：

$ git push -u origin master
Counting objects: 10, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (7/7), done.
Writing objects: 100% (10/10), 884 bytes | 126.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 10 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To https://github.com/zhangjin0110/learn_git.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.

把本地库的内容推送到远程，用git push命令，实际上是把当前分支master推送到远程。

由于远程库是空的，我们第一次推送master分支时，加上了-u参数，Git不但会把本地的master分支内容推送的远程新的master分支，还会把本地的master分支和远程的master分支关联起来，在以后的推送或者拉取时就可以简化命令。

推送成功后，就可以在Github上看到跟本地仓库一样的内容了。

只要本地的仓库作了修改，都可以用命令git push origan master推送到Github的远程仓库上去。

二、从远程仓库克隆到本地

在Github上新建一个名为use_git的仓库：

然后在本地的Git bash中输入以下命令：

$ git clone git@github.com:zhangjin0110/use_git.git
Cloning into 'use_git'...
The authenticity of host 'github.com (52.74.223.119)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nThbg6kXUpJWGl7E1IGOCspRomTxdCARLviKw6E5SY8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,52.74.223.119' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.

再查看本地是否已经克隆成功：

$ ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts  use_git/

Jin@Jin-PC MINGW64 ~/.ssh
$ cd use_git/

Jin@Jin-PC MINGW64 ~/.ssh/use_git (master)
$ ls
README.md

Jin@Jin-PC MINGW64 ~/.ssh/use_git (master)
$ cat README.md
# use_git

可以看到，我们已经成功把Github上的use_git仓库克隆到本地了。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3992198/blog/3040096